BOSTON PROPERTIES INC Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Resultsof Operations (form 10-K)
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the financial
statements and notes thereto appearing elsewhere in this report.
Forward-Looking Statements
This Annual Report on Form 10-K, including the documents incorporated by reference, contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of the federal securities laws, Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. We intend these forward-looking statements to be covered by the safe harbor provisions for forward-looking statements contained in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and are including this statement for purposes of complying with those safe harbor provisions, in each case, to the extent applicable. Such statements are contained principally, but not only, under the captions "Business-Business and Growth Strategies," "Risk Factors" and "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations." We caution investors that any such forward-looking statements are based on current beliefs or expectations of future events and on assumptions made by, and information currently available to, our management. When used, the words "anticipate," "believe," "budget," "could", "estimate," "expect," "intend," "may," "might," "plan," "project," "should," "will" and similar expressions that do not relate solely to historical matters are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Such statements are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions and are not guarantees of future performance or occurrences, which may be affected by known and unknown risks, trends, uncertainties and factors that are, in some cases, beyond our control. Should one or more of these known or unknown risks or uncertainties materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary materially from those expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. We caution you that, while forward-looking statements reflect our good-faith beliefs when we make them, they are not guarantees of future performance or occurrences and are impacted by actual events when they occur after we make such statements. Accordingly, investors should use caution in relying on forward-looking statements, which are based on results and trends at the time they are made, to anticipate future results or trends. The most significant factors that may cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements include the ongoing impact of the global COVID-19 pandemic on theU.S. and global economies, which has impacted, and is likely to continue to impact, us directly and indirectly, as well as the other important factors below and the risks set forth in this Form 10-K in Part I, Item 1A.
Some of the risks and uncertainties that may cause our actual results,
performance or achievements to differ materially from those expressed or implied
by forward-looking statements include, among others, the following:
•the risks and uncertainties related to the impact of the COVID-19 global pandemic, including the emergence of additional variants, the effectiveness, availability and distribution of vaccines, including their efficacy against new variant strains and the willingness of individuals to be vaccinated, the severity and duration of indirect economic impacts such as recession, supply chain disruptions, labor market disruptions, inflation, dislocation and volatility in capital markets, job losses, potential longer-term changes in consumer and tenant behavior, as well as possible future governmental responses;
•volatile or adverse global economic and political conditions, health crises and
dislocations in the credit markets could adversely affect our access to
cost-effective capital and have a resulting material adverse effect on our
business opportunities, results of operations and financial condition;
•general risks affecting the real estate industry (including, without
limitation, the inability to enter into or renew leases, tenant space
utilization, dependence on tenants’ financial condition, and competition from
other developers, owners and operators of real estate);
•failure to manage effectively our growth and expansion into new markets and
sub-markets or to integrate acquisitions and developments successfully;
•the ability of our joint venture partners to satisfy their obligations;
•risks and uncertainties affecting property development and construction
(including, without limitation, supply chain disruptions, labor shortages,
construction delays, increased construction costs, cost overruns, inability to
obtain necessary permits, tenant accounting considerations that may result in
negotiated lease provisions that limit a tenant's liability during construction,
and public opposition to such activities);
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•risks associated with the availability and terms of financing and the use of debt to fund acquisitions and developments or refinance existing indebtedness, including the impact of higher interest rates on the cost and/or availability of financing;
•risks associated with forward interest rate contracts and the effectiveness of
such arrangements;
•risks associated with downturns in the national and local economies, increases
in interest rates, and volatility in the securities markets;
•risks associated with actual or threatened terrorist attacks;
•costs of compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act and other similar
laws;
•potential liability for uninsured losses and environmental contamination;
•risks associated with the physical effects of climate change;
•risks associated with security breaches through cyber attacks, cyber intrusions or otherwise, as well as other significant disruptions of our information technology (IT) networks and related systems, which support our operations and our buildings;
•risks associated with BXP’s potential failure to qualify as a REIT under the
Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended;
•possible adverse changes in tax and environmental laws;
•the impact of newly adopted accounting principles on our accounting policies
and on period-to-period comparisons of financial results;
•risks associated with possible state and local tax audits; and
•risks associated with our dependence on key personnel whose continued service
is not guaranteed.
The risks set forth above are not exhaustive. Other sections of this report, including "Part I, Item 1A-Risk Factors," include additional factors that could adversely affect our business and financial performance. Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment, particularly in light of the circumstances relating to COVID-19. New risk factors emerge from time to time and it is not possible for management to predict all risk factors, nor can we assess the impact of all risk factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements. Given these risks and uncertainties, investors should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements as a prediction of actual results. Investors should also refer to our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for future periods and Current Reports on Form 8-K as we file them with theSEC , and to other materials we may furnish to the public from time to time through Current Reports on Form 8-K or otherwise, for a discussion of risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from those expressed or implied by forward-looking statements. We expressly disclaim any responsibility to update any forward-looking statements to reflect changes in underlying assumptions or factors, new information, future events, or otherwise, and you should not rely upon these forward-looking statements after the date of this report. Overview BXP is one of the largest publicly traded office real estate investment trusts (REITs) (based on total market capitalization as ofDecember 31, 2021 ) inthe United States that develops, owns and manages primarily Class A office properties. Our properties are concentrated in six markets inthe United States -Boston ,Los Angeles ,New York ,San Francisco ,Seattle , andWashington, DC . BPLP is the entity through which BXP conducts substantially all of its business and owns (either directly or through subsidiaries) substantially all of its assets. We generate revenue and cash primarily by leasing Class A office space to our tenants. When making leasing decisions, we consider, among other things, the creditworthiness of the tenant and the industry in which it conducts business, the length of the lease, the rental rate to be paid at inception and throughout the lease term, the costs of tenant improvements, free rent periods and other landlord concessions, anticipated operating expenses and real estate taxes, current and anticipated vacancy in our properties and the market overall (including sublease space), current and expected future demand for the space, the impact of other tenants' expansion rights and general economic factors. Our core strategy has always been to develop, acquire and manage high-quality properties in supply-constrained markets with high barriers-to-entry and attractive demand drivers, and to focus on executing long-term leases with financially strong tenants. Historically, these factors have minimized our exposure in weaker economic cycles and enhanced revenues as market conditions improve. Our tenant base is diverse across market sectors 59
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and the weighted-average lease term for our in-place leases, excluding
residential units, was approximately 7.9 years, as of
including leases signed by our unconsolidated joint ventures. The
weighted-average lease term for our 20 largest office tenants was approximately
11.4 years as of
To be successful in any leasing environment, we believe we must consider all aspects of the tenant-landlord relationship. In this regard, we believe that our competitive leasing advantage is based on the following attributes:
•our understanding of tenants’ short- and long-term space utilization and
amenity needs in the local markets;
•our track record of developing and operating Class A office properties in a
sustainable and responsible manner;
•our reputation as a premier developer, owner and manager of primarily Class A
office properties;
•our financial strength and our ability to maintain high building standards; and
•our relationships with local brokers.
Outlook
The United States economy continues to recover from the COVID-19 pandemic as quarter-over-quarter GDP growth increased to an annual rate of 6.9% in the fourth quarter of 2021 compared to 2.3% in the third quarter of 2021. GDP growth was 3.1% above pre-pandemic level, including the impacts of an uptick of COVID-19 infections. However, the momentum slowed by December as the Omicron variant contributed to decreased spending as well as disruptions to factories and services businesses. Despite this, we have not experienced any delays in negotiating leases nor did these tenants change their space needs. We believe there are signs that infections have peaked within the markets we operate in, which could lead to increased demand for services. We believe these trends, combined with relatively low unemployment rates and consistent job growth, bode well for continuing economic growth in our markets. The overall economic recovery is having a positive impact on our leasing activity. Although additional COVID variants and supply-chain issues may continue to emerge, we believe as employees return to their offices in greater numbers, our strategically located, high-quality office properties will remain a vital component of the strategies of today's forward-thinking organizations that prioritize fostering collaboration, innovation, productivity and culture, and we expect tenants will take advantage of the availability of Class A space and upgrade.
BXP Priorities
Despite the concerns surrounding COVID-19 and the lingering impact on economic conditions in our markets, we remain optimistic for our industry generally and our company in particular, given the demand for workers across sectors, the high quality of our properties, and the success of our development efforts.
We remain focused on the following priorities, which we believe are key to
increasing future revenue and asset values over the long-term:
•ensuring tenant health, safety and satisfaction;
•leasing available space in our in-service and development properties, as well
as proactively focusing on future lease expirations;
•completing the construction and leasing of our development properties;
•continuing and completing the redevelopment, repositioning, and repurposing for
growing life sciences use of several key properties;
•identifying new investment opportunities that meet our criteria while
maintaining discipline in our underwriting;
•managing our near-term debt maturities and maintaining our conservative balance
sheet; and
•actively managing our operations in a sustainable and responsible manner.
The following is an overview of leasing and investment activity in the fourth
quarter of 2021.
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Leasing Activity and Occupancy
In the fourth quarter of 2021, we signed approximately 1.8 million square feet of new leases and renewals with a weighted-average lease term of approximately 8.6 years, indicating that many new and existing tenants continue to commit to the long-term use of space and view our properties as their preferred choice for a premium Class A office environment. More than 25% of the square footage signed in the fourth quarter was leased to life sciences tenants, demonstrating the strong demand from this sector and the opportunities we have to grow our life sciences portfolio. Leasing activity steadily increased throughout 2021, with the fourth quarter achieving the largest square footage leased since the third quarter of 2019, a 55% increase from the fourth quarter of 2020, and approximately 97% of our 10-year fourth quarter leasing average. The overall occupancy of our in-service office and retail properties was 88.8% atDecember 31, 2021 , an increase of 0.4% fromSeptember 30, 2021 . Given current vacancy and near-term rollover, the amount of leases signed, but for which occupancy has not commenced, leases in negotiation on space in the in-service portfolio, and the expected delivery of our development properties, we are confident that our occupancy will increase. Our parking and other revenue was approximately$23 million in the fourth quarter of 2021, an increase of approximately$1.7 million , or 8% from the third quarter of 2021, and an increase of approximately$7 million , or 41% from the depth of the pandemic in the second quarter of 2020. As infections from the Omicron variant rose, transient parking revenue declined modestly inJanuary 2022 as compared to our forecast, but we believe this decrease is only temporary and that we will begin to see an increase in the remainder of the first quarter of 2022 as infection rates decline and workers increasingly return to work in their offices. Our hotel property, theBoston Marriott Cambridge , operated at approximately 50% occupancy during the fourth quarter of 2021. For the full-year 2021, it operated at a small profit contributing approximately$0.6 million to our net income. In 2019, prior to the commencement of the pandemic, the hotel contributed approximately$15 million to our net income. Given the hotel's location in the heart ofCambridge, Massachusetts and adjacent toMIT , we expect hotel occupancy and REVPAR to improve to pre-pandemic levels over time as business and leisure travel return to historical levels.
Investment Activity
We remain committed to developing and acquiring assets to enhance our long-term growth and to meet tenant demand for high-quality office, residential, and lab space. We continually evaluate current and prospective markets for possible acquisitions of "value-add" assets that require lease-up or repositioning, and acquisitions that are otherwise consistent with our long-term strategy of owning, managing, developing and improving, premier Class A properties in each of our chosen markets. During the fourth quarter of 2021, we continued to execute on our strategy and completed the acquisition of360 Park Avenue South .360 Park Avenue South is an approximately 450,000 square foot, 20-story office property located in the Midtown South submarket ofManhattan, New York . Utilizing ourStrategic Capital Program ("SCP"), we contributed the asset and related loan to a joint venture with two institutional partners for our aggregate (direct and indirect) 42.21% ownership interest in the joint venture. Midtown South has been an attractive market to growing technology companies. We are repositioning the asset, both in terms of building system and the common areas and tenant spaces, to attract the type of tenancy that prefers the Midtown South location. We believe this investment aligns with several elements of our growth strategy, including entering new markets or submarkets that exhibit strong demand and limitations on supply, uncovering opportunities that utilize our leasing and redevelopment skills to increase value, broadening our portfolio to meet the current and anticipated future demand of tenants in the technology sector and using private equity to increase our returns and enhance our investment capacity (Refer to the heading "Liquidity and Capital Resources" within "Item 7-Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" for a discussion of the SCP). In the fourth quarter of 2021, we completed and fully placed in-service two development projects and one redevelopment project, partially placed in-service a development project, and commenced two new development projects. For the full-year 2021 and includingJanuary 2022 , we placed in-service five development projects and commenced the development/redevelopment of seven projects. As ofDecember 31, 2021 , our development/redevelopment pipeline consists of nine properties that, when completed, we expect will total approximately 3.4 million net rentable square feet. Our share of the estimated total cost for these projects is approximately$2.5 billion , of which approximately$1.1 billion remained to be invested. The total development pipeline, inclusive of both office and lab/life sciences developments, but excluding the View 61
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Boston Observatory at ThePrudential Center , is 59% pre-leased as ofFebruary 14, 2022 . The office development projects, which total approximately 2.4 million square feet, are approximately 65% pre-leased, as ofFebruary 14, 2022 , to predominately credit-strong tenants with long-lease terms. Four of the new development and redevelopment projects added to our development pipeline in 2021 focus on the specific needs of tenants in the life sciences sector. As ofJanuary 2022 , our lab/life sciences developments in our pipeline total approximately 1.2 million square feet and include properties inWaltham, Massachusetts andSouth San Francisco, California . Although the approximately 435,000 square footShady Grove Innovation District , which we acquired in 2021, is not currently included in our development pipeline, we anticipate redeveloping these office buildings to lab/life sciences space. We commenced the development of 103 CityPoint inWaltham, Massachusetts in the fourth quarter of 2021, and inJanuary 2022 , we commenced the redevelopment of 651Gateway , which we own a 50% interest, inSouth San Francisco, California . Our lab/life sciences developments are located in some of the largest life sciences clusters inthe United States , with strong demand from tenants because of the close proximity to universities, research institutions and related businesses and concentrations of labor with specialized skills and knowledge. Supply-chain concerns and inflation pressures continue to impact our business both in time to completion and increased costs. Our construction schedule is one of the criteria we use when we evaluate bids for development projects and capital improvements. We have been successful in awarding bids and maintaining schedules through the pandemic. However, there are fewer choices for materials, and we are working closely with our consultants and contractors to ensure there are not items used in the development or redevelopment process that could, directly or indirectly, cause delays. We are intentionally minimizing the amount of materials we acquire from foreign suppliers, releasing material packages as early as possible and making advance purchases of materials and storing them off-site. We currently expect to deliver all active developments and redevelopments on time and budget. However, we may experience greater costs and/or necessary materials may not be available, which could delay the completion of our development projects. A failure to deliver a project on time could expose us to additional costs, in time or penalties, for signed leases with such penalties. As we continue to focus on new investments to drive future growth, we continually review our portfolio to identify properties as potential sales candidates that either no longer fit within our portfolio strategy or could attract premium pricing in the current market. OnOctober 25, 2021 , we completed the sale of 181,191 and 201 Spring Street , a three-building complex aggregating approximately 333,000 net rentable square feet inLexington, Massachusetts , for an aggregate gross sales price of$191.5 million . The three buildings were 100% leased at the time of the sale. We will continue to evaluate the sale of similar properties.
A brief overview of each of our markets follows.
TheBoston region is home to the largest cluster of life sciences companies in the world with growth and increasing demand driving and growing rents. During the fourth quarter of 2021, we signed approximately 415,000 square feet of leases and approximately 274,000 square feet of leases commenced. Approximately 167,000 square feet of the leases that commenced had been vacant for less than one year and represent an increase in net rental obligations of approximately 34% over the prior leases. OurBoston central business district ("CBD") in-service portfolio was approximately 94% leased as ofDecember 31, 2021 . During the fourth quarter of 2021, we completed and fully placed in-service100 Causeway Street , an approximately 634,000 net rentable square feet Class A office building in which we have a 50% ownership interest. Including leases that have not yet commenced, this project is 95% leased. Our approximately 2.0 million square foot in-service office portfolio inCambridge was approximately 99% leased as ofDecember 31, 2021 . During the fourth quarter of 2021, we continued our development of325 Main Street at Kendall Center inCambridge, Massachusetts , which is 90% pre-leased to an office tenant for a term of 15 years. We expect to place the building in-service in 2022. In early 2021, we received approximately one million square feet of new entitlements atKendall Center for potential future development of office or lab/life sciences spaces.Waltham and the area surrounding the Route 128-Mass Turnpike interchange continue to comprise a popular submarket ofBoston for leading and emerging companies in the life sciences, biotechnology and technology sectors. During the fourth quarter of 2021, we signed leases for approximately 165,000 square feet at880 Winter Street , an approximately 224,000 square foot office property inWaltham, Massachusetts under conversion to lab 62
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space. This project is 74% pre-leased as ofFebruary 14, 2022 , with delivery expected in late 2022. In addition, we completed and fully placed in-service the redeveloped portion of200 West Street inWaltham, Massachusetts , an approximately 138,000 square foot redevelopment to convert a portion of the building to lab space. Including leases that have not yet commenced, this project is 100% leased. In addition, we commenced the development of 103 CityPoint inWaltham, Massachusetts . When completed, the project will consist of approximately 113,000 square feet of life sciences space.
OurLos Angeles ("LA") in-service portfolio of approximately 2.3 million square feet is currently focused in West LA and includes Colorado Center, a 1.1 million square foot property of which we own 50%, andSanta Monica Business Park , a 21-building, approximately 1.2 million square foot property of which we own 55%. As ofDecember 31, 2021 , our LA in-service properties were approximately 89% leased. Leasing activity in the greaterLos Angeles market continued to recover in the fourth quarter of 2021, especially in West LA where our properties are located. Technology and media tenants accounted for almost half of all transactions in the fourth quarter in the greaterLos Angeles market. These transactions suggest a steady preference by many creative tenants for modern low-rise product with collaborative space similar to our two office parks inSanta Monica .
As ofDecember 31, 2021 , our New York CBD in-service portfolio was approximately 90% leased. During the fourth quarter of 2021, we executed approximately 594,000 square feet of leases and commenced approximately 222,000 square feet of leases. Approximately 93,000 square feet of the leases that commenced had been vacant for less than one year and represent a decrease in net rental obligations of approximately 18% over the prior leases. One lease where we terminated a tenant, received a fee, and subsequently took over a below-market sublease accounted for the decrease. Excluding this lease, we experienced an increase in net rental obligations of approximately 7%. In the fourth quarter of 2021, we acquired and commenced the redevelopment of360 Park Avenue South , in which we have an aggregate (direct and indirect) 42.21% interest. The redevelopment will include modernizing building systems and creating amenities, collaborative spaces, and client spaces to reimagine the property to meet the needs of today's tech and creative firms and position it as the premier workspace for growing companies in the Midtown South submarket.
The recovery in
businesses have commenced their return to work, street-level retail remains
closed or slow, and the streets are quiet. As restrictions are lifted, we
believe the pace of new leasing activity will begin to increase.
Our San Francisco CBD in-service properties were approximately 92% leased as ofDecember 31, 2021 . In the fourth quarter of 2021 in the CBD portfolio, we commenced approximately 76,000 square feet of leases with an increase in net rental obligations of approximately 13%. InSouth San Francisco , life sciences activity at ourGateway Commons joint venture continues to be productive. We executed a 229,000 square foot lease with a leading biotech company at 751Gateway . The lease comprises the entire building, which is currently under construction with initial occupancy expected in 2024. 751Gateway is the first phase of a multi-phase life sciences campus development project atGateway Commons . When completed, we will have a 49% ownership interest in 751Gateway . Also atGateway Commons , inJanuary 2022 , we commenced the redevelopment 651Gateway . 651Gateway is an approximately 300,000 net rentable square feet office building that will be converted to life sciences space. This property is owned by a joint venture in which we have a 50% interest. Throughout 2021, the Class A officeSilicon Valley leasing markets grew stronger with healthy net absorption. We are experiencing improving tour activity and the market is seeing large technology tenant requirements for existing and new products. Due to the limited supply of new, high-quality office space in this submarket, inFebruary 2022 , we announced the restart of the first phase of our Platform 16 development project. Platform 16, in which we own a 55% interest, is an approximately 1.1 million aggregate square foot development located inSan Jose, California and proximate toSan Jose Diridon Station . The first phase of the development project will include the 63
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construction of an approximately 390,000 square foot Class A creative office building and a below-grade parking garage, which are expected to be completed in early 2025. Inclusive of the CBD and suburban portfolio, we executed approximately 405,000 square feet of leases, and commenced approximately 191,000 square feet of leases in theSan Francisco region during the fourth quarter of 2021. Of the leases that commenced, approximately 159,000 square feet had been vacant for less than one year and represent a modest increase in net rental obligations of approximately 1% over the prior leases.
We entered the
certified, Class A office property in
acquired under a joint venture in which we have a 33.67% ownership interest.
Seattle is one of the most dynamic office markets in theU.S. for companies in the technology, life sciences, financial services, and manufacturing sectors. Much likeSan Francisco , the recovery from the pandemic is lagging behind ourEast Coast markets as workers are slow to return to the office, office worker supported retail remains closed or slow and the streets remain quiet. However, in theSeattle market, there are signs of recovery as leasing activity and tenant demand increased throughout 2021. The technology industry remains a key market driver and, in the fourth quarter of 2021, accounted for more than 51% of the total leasing volume.
We continue to explore opportunities to increase our presence in the
market including seeking investments where our financial, operational,
redevelopment and development expertise provide the opportunity to achieve
accretive returns.
During the fourth quarter of 2021, we executed approximately 379,000 square feet of leases and we commenced approximately 1.4 million square feet of leases in theWashington, DC region. Of these leases, approximately 240,000 square feet had been vacant for less than one year and represent a decrease in net rental obligations of approximately 18% over the prior leases. OurWashington, DC CBD in-service properties were approximately 85% leased as ofDecember 31, 2021 . InDecember 2021 , we delivered2100 Pennsylvania Avenue to our anchor tenant, who leases approximately 56% of the building, to perform their tenant improvements and we are working on leasing the remainder of the building.2100 Pennsylvania Avenue is a Class A office project with approximately 480,000 net rentable square feet located inWashington, DC and is 58% pre-leased as ofFebruary 14, 2022 . OurWashington, DC suburban properties include our significant presence inReston, Virginia , where demand from technology and cybersecurity tenants remains strong. OurWashington, DC suburban properties were approximately 89% leased as ofDecember 31, 2021 . During the fourth quarter of 2021, we completed more than 200,000 square feet of leasing inReston , including an approximately 89,000 square foot lease with a technology company at South of Market inReston, Virginia . During the fourth quarter of 2021, we partially placed in-service Reston Next, a Class A office project with approximately 1.1 million square feet located inReston, Virginia . This project is 86% pre-leased as ofFebruary 14, 2022 . In addition, a joint venture in which we own a 50% interest fully placed in-service7750 Wisconsin Avenue , a Class A office project with approximately 733,000 net rentable square feet located inBethesda, Maryland . This project is 100% leased. 64
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Leasing Statistics
The table below details the leasing activity, including 100% of the unconsolidated joint ventures, that commenced during the year endedDecember 31, 2021 : Year endedDecember 31, 2021 (Square Feet) Vacant space available at the beginning of the period 4,517,385 Property dispositions/properties taken out of service (1) (104,613) Vacant space in properties acquired (2) 143,848 Properties placed (and partially placed) in-service (3) 2,035,237 Leases expiring or terminated during the period 5,236,075 Total space available for lease 11,827,932 1st generation leases 1,896,596 2nd generation leases with new tenants 2,592,605 2nd generation lease renewals 1,998,702 Total space leased (4) 6,487,903 Vacant space available for lease at the end of the period 5,340,029 Leases executed during the period, in square feet (5) 5,056,310 Second generation leasing information: (6) Leases commencing during the period, in square feet 4,591,307 Weighted Average Lease Term 83 Months Weighted Average Free Rent Period 170 Days Total Transaction Costs Per Square Foot (7)$71.71 Increase (Decrease) in Gross Rents (8) (0.16) % Increase (Decrease) in Net Rents (9) (0.31) %
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(1)Total square feet of property dispositions during the year endedDecember 31, 2021 consists of 29,595 square feet due to the sale ofAnnapolis Junction Building Six . Total square feet of properties taken out of service during the year endedDecember 31, 2021 consists of 34,290 square feet at880 Winter Street and 40,728 square feet at800 Boylston Street - ThePrudential Center , both due to redevelopment. (2)Total square feet of vacant space in properties acquired during the year endedDecember 31, 2021 consists of 69,581 square feet atSafeco Plaza and 74,267 square feet atShady Grove Innovation District . (3)Total square feet of properties placed (and partially placed) in-service during the year endedDecember 31, 2021 consists of 195,326 square feet of office and 31,950 square feet of retail at One Five NineEast 53rd Street , 6,709 square feet at 685Gateway , 633,819 square feet at100 Causeway Street , 733,483 square feet at7750 Wisconsin Avenue , 295,506 square feet at Reston Next and 138,444 square feet at200 West Street . (4)Represents leases for which lease revenue recognition has commenced in accordance with GAAP during the year endedDecember 31, 2021 . (5)Represents leases executed during the year endedDecember 31, 2021 for which we either (1) commenced lease revenue recognition in such period or (2) will commence lease revenue recognition in subsequent periods, in accordance with GAAP, and includes leases at properties currently under development. The total square feet of leases executed and recognized during the year endedDecember 31, 2021 is 1,156,558. (6)Second generation leases are defined as leases for space that had previously been leased by us. Of the 4,591,307 square feet of second generation leases that commenced during the year endedDecember 31, 2021 , leases for 2,856,968 square feet were signed in prior periods. (7)Total transaction costs include tenant improvements and leasing commissions but exclude free rent concessions and other inducements in accordance with GAAP. (8)Represents the decrease in gross rent (base rent plus expense reimbursements) on the new versus expired leases on the 3,285,722 square feet of second generation leases that had been occupied within the prior 12 months for the year endedDecember 31, 2021 ; excludes leases that management considers temporary because the tenant is not expected to occupy the space on a long-term basis. 65 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Table of Contents (9)Represents the decrease in net rent (gross rent less operating expenses) on the new versus expired leases on the 3,285,722 square feet of second generation leases that had been occupied within the prior 12 months for the year endedDecember 31, 2021 .
For descriptions of significant transactions that we completed during 2021, see
“Item 1. Business-Transactions During 2021.”
Critical Accounting Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted inthe United States of America , or GAAP, requires management to use judgment in the application of accounting policies, including making estimates and assumptions. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. These judgments affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. If our judgment or interpretation of the facts and circumstances relating to various transactions had been different, it is possible that different accounting policies would have been applied resulting in a different presentation of our financial statements. From time to time, we evaluate our estimates and assumptions. In the event estimates or assumptions prove to be different from actual results, adjustments are made in subsequent periods to reflect more current information. Our significant accounting policies, which utilize these critical accounting estimates, are described in Note 2 to our Consolidated Financial Statements.
We consider our critical accounting estimates to be those used in the
determination of the reported amounts and disclosure related to the following:
•Purchase price allocations; and
•Impairment.
Each of the above critical accounting estimates is described in more detail
below.
Real Estate Purchase Price Allocations We assess the fair value of acquired tangible and intangible assets (including land, buildings, tenant improvements, "above-" and "below-market" leases, leasing and assumed financing origination costs, acquired in-place leases, other identified intangible assets and assumed liabilities) and allocate the purchase price to the acquired assets and assumed liabilities, including land and buildings as if vacant. We assess fair value based on estimated cash flow projections that utilize discount and/or capitalization rates that we deem appropriate, as well as available market information. Estimates of future cash flows are based on a number of factors including the historical operating results, known and anticipated trends, and market and economic conditions. The fair value of the tangible assets of an acquired property considers the value of the property as if it were vacant. We also consider an allocation of purchase price of other acquired intangibles, including acquired in-place leases that may have a customer relationship intangible value, including (but not limited to) the nature and extent of the existing relationship with the tenants, the tenants' credit quality and expectations of lease renewals. Based on our acquisitions to date, our allocation to customer relationship intangible assets has been immaterial. We record acquired "above-" and "below-market" leases at their fair values (using a discount rate which reflects the risks associated with the leases acquired) equal to the difference between (1) the contractual amounts to be paid pursuant to each in-place lease and (2) management's estimate of fair market lease rates for each corresponding in-place lease, measured over a period equal to the remaining term of the lease for above-market leases and the initial term plus the term of any below-market fixed rate renewal options for below-market leases. Acquired "above-" and "below-market" lease values have been reflected within Prepaid Expenses and Other Assets and Other Liabilities, respectively, in our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Other intangible assets acquired include amounts for in-place lease values that are based on our evaluation of the specific characteristics of each tenant's lease. Factors to be considered include estimates of carrying costs during hypothetical expected lease-up periods considering current market conditions, and costs to execute similar leases. In estimating carrying costs, we include real estate taxes, insurance and other operating expenses and estimates of lost rentals at market rates during the expected lease-up periods, depending on local market conditions. In estimating costs to execute similar leases, we consider leasing commissions, legal and other related expenses. 66
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Impairment
Management reviews its long-lived assets for indicators of impairment following the end of each quarter and when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the asset may not be recoverable. This evaluation of long-lived assets is dependent on a number of factors, including when there is an event or adverse change in the operating performance of the long-lived asset or a current expectation that, more likely than not, a long-lived asset will be sold or otherwise disposed of significantly before the end of its previously estimated useful life or hold period. An impairment loss is recognized if the carrying amount of an asset is not recoverable and exceeds its fair value. The evaluation of anticipated cash flows is subjective and is based in part on assumptions regarding anticipated hold periods, future occupancy, future rental rates, future capital requirements, discount rates and capitalization rates that could differ materially from actual results in future periods. Because cash flows on properties considered to be "long-lived assets to be held and used" are considered on an undiscounted basis to determine whether an asset may be impaired, our established strategy of holding properties over the long term directly decreases the likelihood of recording an impairment loss. If our hold strategy changes or market conditions otherwise dictate an earlier sale date, an impairment loss may be recognized and such loss could be material. If we determine that an impairment has occurred, the affected assets must be reduced to their fair value. Income Taxes
Our accounting policies related to income tax are described in Note 2 to our
Consolidated Financial Statements.
The net difference between the tax basis and the reported amounts of BXP's assets and liabilities was approximately$1.8 billion and$2.0 billion as ofDecember 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, which was primarily related to the difference in basis of contributed property and accrued rental income. Certain entities included in BXP's Consolidated Financial Statements are subject to certain state and local taxes. These taxes are recorded as operating expenses in the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements.
The following table reconciles GAAP net income attributable to
Properties, Inc.
For the year ended
2021 2020 2019
(in thousands)
Net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. $ 505,195 $ 872,727 $ 521,534
Straight-line rent and net “above-” and “below-market” rent
adjustments
(107,942) (90,144) (65,111) Book/Tax differences from depreciation and amortization 146,028 106,203 125,281
Book/Tax differences on gains/(losses) from capital
transactions
(25,756) (345,854) 51,555 Book/Tax differences from stock-based compensation 61,387 42,576 49,123 Tangible Property Regulations (77,489) (144,981) (148,157) Other book/tax differences, net 71,464 117,166 (15,221) Taxable income$ 572,887 $ 557,693 $ 519,004
The net difference between the tax basis and the reported amounts of BPLP's assets and liabilities was approximately$2.9 billion as ofDecember 31, 2021 and 2020, which was primarily related to the difference in basis of contributed property and accrued rental income.
Certain entities included in BPLP’s Consolidated Financial Statements are
subject to certain state and local taxes. These taxes are recorded as operating
expenses in the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements.
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The following table reconciles GAAP net income attributable to
Limited Partnership
For the year ended
2021 2020 2019
(in thousands)
Net income attributable to
Partnership
$ 570,965 $ 990,479 $ 590,602
Straight-line rent and net “above-” and “below-market” rent
adjustments
(120,074) (100,375) (72,687) Book/Tax differences from depreciation and amortization 144,794 101,470 124,108
Book/Tax differences on gains/(losses) from capital
transactions
(24,109) (359,497) 56,955 Book/Tax differences from stock-based compensation 68,287 47,408 54,838 Tangible Property Regulations (86,199) (161,435) (165,395) Other book/tax differences, net 81,693 121,397 (20,177) Taxable income$ 635,357 $ 639,447 $ 568,244
Results of Operations for the Year Ended
This section of this Form 10-K generally discusses 2021 and 2020 items and year-to-year comparisons between 2021 and 2020. Discussions of 2019 items and year-to-year comparisons between 2020 and 2019 that are not included in this Form 10-K can be found in "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" in Part II, Item 7 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , which was filed with theSEC onFebruary 26, 2021 . Net income attributable toBoston Properties, Inc. common shareholders and net income attributable toBoston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders decreased approximately$366.0 million and$418.0 million for the year endedDecember 31, 2021 compared to 2020, respectively, as set forth in the following tables and for the reasons discussed below under the heading "Comparison of the year endedDecember 31, 2021 to the year endedDecember 31, 2020 " within "Item 7-Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations."
The following are reconciliations of Net Income Attributable to
Properties, Inc.
Attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership Common Unitholders to Net
Operating Income for the year ended
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Table of ContentsBoston Properties, Inc. Year ended December 31, Increase/ % 2021 2020 (Decrease) Change Net Income Attributable toBoston Properties , Inc. Common Shareholders$ 496,223 $ 862,227 $ (366,004) (42.45) % Preferred stock redemption charge 6,412 - 6,412 100.00 % Preferred dividends 2,560 10,500 (7,940) (75.62) % Net Income Attributable toBoston Properties , Inc. 505,195 872,727 (367,532) (42.11) % Net Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests: Noncontrolling interest-common units of the Operating Partnership 55,931 97,704 (41,773) (42.75) % Noncontrolling interests in property partnerships 70,806 48,260 22,546 46.72 % Net Income 631,932 1,018,691 (386,759) (37.97) % Other Expenses: Add: Interest expense 423,346 431,717 (8,371) (1.94) % Losses from early extinguishment of debt 45,182 - 45,182 100.00 % Loss from unconsolidated joint ventures 2,570 85,110 (82,540) (96.98) % Other Income: Less: Gains from investments in securities 5,626 5,261 365 6.94 % Interest and other income (loss) 5,704 5,953 (249) (4.18) % Gains on sales of real estate 123,660 618,982 (495,322) (80.02) % Other Expenses: Add: Depreciation and amortization expense 717,336 683,751 33,585 4.91 % Transaction costs 5,036 1,531 3,505 228.94 % Payroll and related costs from management services contracts 12,487 11,626 861 7.41 % General and administrative expense 151,573 133,112 18,461 13.87 % Other Revenue: Less: Direct reimbursements of payroll and related costs from management services contracts 12,487 11,626 861 7.41 % Development and management services revenue 27,697 29,641 (1,944) (6.56) % Net Operating Income$ 1,814,288 $ 1,694,075 $ 120,213 7.10 % 69
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Table of ContentsBoston Properties Limited Partnership Year ended December 31, Increase/ % 2021 2020 (Decrease) Change Net Income Attributable toBoston Properties Limited Partnership Common Unitholders$ 561,993 $ 979,979 $ (417,986) (42.65) % Preferred unit redemption charge 6,412 - 6,412 100.00 % Preferred distributions 2,560 10,500 (7,940) (75.62) % Net Income Attributable toBoston Properties Limited Partnership 570,965 990,479 (419,514) (42.35) % Net Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests: Noncontrolling interests in property partnerships 70,806 48,260 22,546 46.72 % Net Income 641,771 1,038,739 (396,968) (38.22) % Other Expenses: Add: Interest expense 423,346 431,717 (8,371) (1.94) % Losses from early extinguishment of debt 45,182 - 45,182 100.00 % Loss from unconsolidated joint ventures 2,570 85,110 (82,540) (96.98) % Other Income: Less: Gains from investments in securities 5,626 5,261 365 6.94 % Interest and other income (loss) 5,704 5,953 (249) (4.18) % Gains on sales of real estate 125,198 631,945 (506,747) (80.19) % Other Expenses: Add: Depreciation and amortization expense 709,035 676,666 32,369 4.78 % Transaction costs 5,036 1,531 3,505 228.94 % Payroll and related costs from management services contracts 12,487 11,626 861 7.41 % General and administrative expense 151,573 133,112 18,461 13.87 % Other Revenue: Less: Direct reimbursements of payroll and related costs from management services contracts 12,487 11,626 861 7.41 % Development and management services revenue 27,697 29,641 (1,944) (6.56) % Net Operating Income$ 1,814,288 $ 1,694,075 $ 120,213 7.10 % AtDecember 31, 2021 and 2020, we owned or had joint venture interests in a portfolio of 201 and 196 commercial real estate properties, respectively (in each case, the "Total Property Portfolio"). As a result of changes within our Total Property Portfolio, the financial data presented below shows significant changes in revenue and expenses from period-to-period. Accordingly, we do not believe that our period-to-period financial data with respect to the Total Property Portfolio provides a complete understanding of our operating results. Therefore, the comparison of operating results for the year endedDecember 31, 2021 and 2020 show separately the changes attributable to the properties that were owned by us and in-service throughout each period compared (the "Same Property Portfolio") and the changes attributable to the properties included in the Acquired, Placed In-Service, Development or Redevelopment or Sold Portfolios. In our analysis of operating results, particularly to make comparisons of net operating income between periods more meaningful, it is important to provide information for properties that were in-service and owned by us throughout each period presented. We refer to properties acquired or placed in-service prior to the beginning of the earliest period presented and owned by us and in-service through the end of the latest period presented as our Same Property Portfolio. The Same Property Portfolio therefore excludes properties acquired, placed in-service or in development or redevelopment after the beginning of the earliest period presented or disposed of prior to the end of the latest period presented. 70
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Net operating income ("NOI") is a non-GAAP financial measure equal to net income
attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders and net income
attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders, as
applicable, the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures, plus (1)
preferred stock/unit redemption charge, preferred dividends/distributions, net
income attributable to noncontrolling interests, interest expense, losses from
early extinguishment of debt, loss from unconsolidated joint ventures,
depreciation and amortization expense, transaction costs, payroll and related
costs from management services contracts and corporate general and
administrative expense less (2) gains from investments in securities, interest
and other income (loss), gains on sales of real estate, direct reimbursements of
payroll and related costs from management services contracts and development and
management services revenue. We use NOI internally as a performance measure and
believe it provides useful information to investors regarding our results of
operations and financial condition because, when compared across periods, it
reflects the impact on operations from trends in occupancy rates, rental rates,
operating costs and acquisition and development activity on an unleveraged
basis, providing perspective not immediately apparent from net income
attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders and net income
attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders. For
example, interest expense is not necessarily linked to the operating performance
of a real estate asset and is often incurred at the corporate level as opposed
to the property level. Similarly, interest expense may be incurred at the
property level even though the financing proceeds may be used at the corporate
level (e.g., used for other investment activity). In addition, depreciation and
amortization expense, because of historical cost accounting and useful life
estimates, may distort operating performance measures at the property level. NOI
presented by us may not be comparable to NOI reported by other REITs or real
estate companies that define NOI differently.
We believe that in order to understand our operating results, NOI should be
examined in conjunction with net income attributable to Boston Properties, Inc.
common shareholders and net income attributable to Boston Properties Limited
Partnership common unitholders as presented in our Consolidated Financial
Statements. NOI should not be considered as a substitute for net income
attributable to Boston Properties, Inc. common shareholders or net income
attributable to Boston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders
(determined in accordance with GAAP) or any other GAAP financial measures and
should only be considered together with and as a supplement to our financial
information prepared in accordance with GAAP.
The gains on sales of real estate and depreciation expense may differ between
BXP and BPLP as a result of previously applied acquisition accounting by BXP for
the issuance of common stock in connection with non-sponsor OP Unit redemptions
by BPLP. This accounting resulted in a step-up of the real estate assets at BXP
that was allocated to certain properties. The difference between the real estate
assets of BXP as compared to BPLP for certain properties having an allocation of
the real estate step-up will result in a corresponding difference in gains on
sales of real estate and depreciation expense when those properties are sold.
For additional information see the Explanatory Note that follows the cover page
of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Comparison of the year ended
2020
The table below shows selected operating information for the Same Property Portfolio and the Total Property Portfolio. The Same Property Portfolio consists of 137 properties totaling approximately 38.7 million net rentable square feet, excluding unconsolidated joint ventures. The Same Property Portfolio includes properties acquired or placed in-service on or prior toJanuary 1, 2020 and owned and in service throughDecember 31, 2021 . The Total Property Portfolio includes the effects of the other properties either acquired, placed in-service, in development or redevelopment afterJanuary 1, 2020 or disposed of on or prior toDecember 31, 2021 . This table includes a reconciliation from the Same Property Portfolio to the Total Property Portfolio by also providing information for the years endedDecember 31, 2021 and 2020 with respect to the properties that were acquired, placed in-service, in development or redevelopment or sold. 71
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Properties
Properties Acquired Placed In-Service Properties in Development or
Same Property Portfolio Portfolio Portfolio Redevelopment Portfolio Properties Sold Portfolio Total Property Portfolio
Increase/ % Increase/ %
2021 2020 (Decrease) Change 2021 2020 2021 2020 2021 2020 2021 2020 2021 2020 (Decrease) Change
(dollars in thousands)
Rental Revenue: (1)
Lease Revenue (Excluding
Termination Income) $ 2,614,630 $ 2,518,898 $ 95,732 3.80 % $ 8,145 $ 435
$ 99,991 3.85 % Termination Income 11,428 8,914 2,514 28.20 % 54 - - - - - - 59 11,482 8,973 2,509 27.96 % Lease Revenue 2,626,058 2,527,812 98,246 3.89 % 8,199 435 50,717 24,573 4,028 14,430 22,247 41,499 2,711,249 2,608,749 102,500 3.93 % Parking and Other 78,388 68,608 9,780 14.25 % 895 14 15 20 201 - 1,412 1,404 80,911 70,046 10,865 15.51 % Total Rental Revenue (1) 2,704,446 2,596,420 108,026 4.16 % 9,094 449 50,732 24,593 4,229 14,430 23,659 42,903 2,792,160 2,678,795 113,365 4.23 % Real Estate Operating Expenses 967,317 966,623 694 0.07 % 3,643 875 15,639 11,567 2,285 4,834 7,823 14,570 996,707 998,469 (1,762) (0.18) % Net Operating Income (Loss),Excluding Residential and Hotel 1,737,129 1,629,797 107,332 6.59 % 5,451 (426) 35,093 13,026 1,944 9,596 15,836 28,333 1,795,453 1,680,326 115,127 6.85 % Residential Net Operating Income (Loss) (2) 21,049 21,513 (464) (2.16) % - - (2,825) (2,106) - - - - 18,224 19,407 (1,183) (6.10) %Hotel Net Operating Income (Loss) (2) 611 (5,658) 6,269 110.80 % - - - - - - - - 611 (5,658) 6,269 110.80 % Net Operating Income (Loss)$ 1,758,789 $ 1,645,652 $ 113,137 6.87 %$ 5,451 $ (426) $ 32,268 $ 10,920 $ 1,944 $ 9,596 $ 15,836 $ 28,333 $ 1,814,288 $ 1,694,075 $ 120,213 7.10 % _______________ (1)Rental Revenue is equal to Revenue less Development and Management Services Revenue and Direct Reimbursements of Payroll and Related Costs from Management Services Revenue per the Consolidated Statements of Operations, excluding the residential and hotel revenue that is noted below. We use Rental Revenue internally as a performance measure and in calculating other non-GAAP financial measures (e.g., NOI), which provides investors with information regarding our performance that is not immediately apparent from the comparable non-GAAP measures and allows investors to compare operating performance between periods. (2)For a detailed discussion of NOI, including the reasons management believes NOI is useful to investors, see page 71. Residential Net Operating Income (Loss) for the year endedDecember 31, 2021 and 2020 is comprised of Residential Revenue of$42,668 and$38,146 less Residential Expenses of$24,444 and$18,739 , respectively.Hotel Net Operating Income (Loss) for the year endedDecember 31, 2021 and 2020 is comprised ofHotel Revenue of$13,609 and$7,478 lessHotel Expenses of$12,998 and$13,136 , respectively, per the Consolidated Statements of Operations. 72 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Table of Contents Same Property Portfolio
Lease Revenue (Excluding Termination Income)
Lease revenue (excluding termination income) from the Same Property Portfolio increased by approximately$95.7 million for the year endedDecember 31, 2021 compared to 2020. Approximately$86.1 million of the increase related to write-offs of accrued rent and accounts receivable balances which occurred during the year endedDecember 31, 2020 and did not recur in 2021, for primarily retail and co-working tenants that either terminated their leases or for which we determined that the accrued rent and/or accounts receivable balances were no longer probable of collection. Excluding the write-offs, the Same Property Portfolio increased by approximately$9.6 million due to an increase in average revenue per square foot by approximately$1.54 , contributing approximately$52.0 million , partially offset by average occupancy decreasing from 93.1% to 91.5%, resulting in a decrease of approximately$42.4 million . We continue to evaluate the collectability of our accrued rent and accounts receivable balances related to lease revenue. Following a write-off, if (1) we subsequently determine that it is probable we will collect substantially all the remaining lessee's lease payments under the lease term and (2) the lease has not been modified since the write-off, we will then reinstate the accrued rent and accounts receivable write-offs, adjusting for the amount related to the period when the lease payments were considered not probable of collection. If our estimate of collectability differs from the cash received, then the timing and amount of our reported revenue could be impacted. The number of executed COVID-19 lease modifications has decreased each quarter since the second quarter of 2020 and we are now executing COVID-19 modifications on a limited basis. Termination Income
Termination income increased by approximately
Termination income for the year endedDecember 31, 2021 totaled approximately$11.4 million and related to 27 tenants across the Same Property Portfolio, most of which related to tenants that terminated leases early inNew York City and theBoston region. Termination income for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 totaled approximately$8.9 million and related to 39 tenants across the Same Property Portfolio, most of which related to tenants that terminated leases early inNew York City .
Parking and Other Revenue
Parking and other revenue increased by approximately$9.8 million for the year endedDecember 31, 2021 compared to 2020. Parking revenue and other revenue increased by approximately$7.1 million and$2.7 million , respectively. The increase in parking revenue was primarily due to an increase in transient parking. The increase in other revenue was primarily due to approximately$5.3 million in insurance proceeds related to damage at one of our properties in theNew York region due to a water-main break, partially offset by a decrease in other revenue of approximately$2.6 million related to tenant restoration obligation payments in 2020 that did not recur in 2021. Expenses of$5.3 million related to the insurance claim are included within real estate operating expenses. For the year endedDecember 31, 2021 , transient parking increased by approximately$10.0 million , partially offset by a decrease in monthly parking of approximately$3.3 million , compared to the year endedDecember 31, 2020 . Some of our monthly parking revenues are contractual agreements embedded in our leases, and some are at will individual agreements.
Real Estate Operating Expenses
Real estate operating expenses from the Same Property Portfolio increased by approximately$0.7 million , or 0.1%, for the year endedDecember 31, 2021 compared to 2020, due primarily to an increase in utility expense and expenses related to the insurance claim mentioned above, partially offset by a decrease in real estate taxes. The increase in utility expense was experienced across the portfolio and was primarily driven by an increase in physical tenant occupancy, which led to greater demand for electricity and HVAC. 73
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Properties Acquired Portfolio
The table below lists the properties acquired betweenJanuary 1, 2020 andDecember 31, 2021 . Rental revenue and real estate operating expenses increased by approximately$8.6 million and$2.8 million , respectively, for the year endedDecember 31, 2021 compared to 2020, as detailed below. Rental Revenue Real Estate Operating Expenses Name Date acquired Square Feet 2021 2020 Change 2021 2020 Change (dollars in thousands) 777 Harrison Street (1) June 26, 2020 N/A$ 2,392 $ 449 $ 1,943 $ 2,211 $ 875 $ 1,336 153 & 211 Second Avenue June 2, 2021 136,882 5,470 - 5,470 547 - 547 Shady Grove Innovation District August 2, 2021 233,452 1,232 - 1,232 885 - 885 370,334$ 9,094 $ 449 $ 8,645 $ 3,643 $ 875 $ 2,768 _______________
(1)Includes operating results for
on
Properties Placed In-Service Portfolio
The table below lists the properties that were placed in-service or partially placed in-service betweenJanuary 1, 2020 andDecember 31, 2021 . Rental revenue and real estate operating expenses from our Properties Placed In-Service Portfolio increased by approximately$29.9 million and$8.5 million , respectively, for the year endedDecember 31, 2021 compared to 2020, as detailed below. Quarter Initially Rental Revenue Real Estate Operating ExpensesName Placed In-Service Quarter Fully Placed In-Service Square Feet 2021 2020 Change 2021 2020 Change (dollars in thousands) Office 20 CityPoint Second Quarter, 2019 Second Quarter, 2020 211,476$ 8,580 $ 7,246 $ 1,334 $ 3,117 $ 2,782 $ 335 17Fifty Presidents Street First Quarter, 2020 First Quarter, 2020 275,809 19,868 13,339 6,529 5,759 3,894 1,865 One Five Nine East53rd Street (1) First Quarter, 2021 First Quarter, 2021 220,000 15,672 (1,041) 16,713 3,582 1,504 2,078200 West Street (2) Fourth Quarter, 2020 Fourth Quarter, 2021 273,365 6,612 5,049 1,563 3,181 3,387 (206) Total Office 980,650 50,732 24,593 26,139 15,639 11,567 4,072 Residential The Skylyne Third Quarter, 2020 Third Quarter, 2020 330,996 3,891 155 3,736 6,716 2,261 4,455 Total Residential 330,996 3,891 155 3,736 6,716 2,261 4,455 1,311,646$ 54,623 $ 24,748 $ 29,875 $ 22,355 $ 13,828 $ 8,527 _____________ (1)This is the low-rise portion of601 Lexington Avenue , which was in development for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 . Rental revenue for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 includes an approximately$2.9 million write-off of accrued rent and accounts receivable balances for a terminated tenant. (2)Includes 138,444 square feet of redevelopment that was fully placed in-service inDecember 2021 . This property was in development for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 . 74
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Properties in Development or Redevelopment Portfolio
The table below lists the properties that were in development or redevelopment betweenJanuary 1, 2020 andDecember 31, 2021 . Rental revenue and real estate operating expenses from our Properties in Development or Redevelopment Portfolio decreased by approximately$10.2 million and$2.5 million , respectively, for the year endedDecember 31, 2021 compared to 2020, as detailed below. Rental Revenue Real Estate Operating Expenses Date Commenced Development / Name Redevelopment Square Feet 2021 2020 Change 2021 2020 Change (dollars in thousands) 325 Main Street (1) May 9, 2019 115,000 $ -$ 36 $ (36) $ 317 $ 276 $ 41 880 Winter Street (2) February 25, 2021 224,000 2,476 8,253 (5,777) 1,509 3,174 (1,665) 3625-3635 Peterson Way (3) April 16, 2021 218,000 1,753 6,141 (4,388) 459 1,384 (925) 557,000$ 4,229 $ 14,430 $ (10,201) $ 2,285 $ 4,834 $ (2,549) _______________ (1)Real estate operating expenses for the year endedDecember 31, 2021 and 2020 were related to demolition costs. (2)OnFebruary 25, 2021 , we commenced the redevelopment and conversion of880 Winter Street , a 224,000 square foot office property located inWaltham, Massachusetts , to laboratory space. (3)OnApril 16, 2021 , we removed3625-3635 Peterson Way , located inSanta Clara, California , from our in-service portfolio. We demolished the building and expect to redevelop the site at a future date.
Properties Sold Portfolio
The table below lists the properties we sold betweenJanuary 1, 2020 andDecember 31, 2021 . Rental revenue and real estate operating expenses from our Properties Sold Portfolio decreased by approximately$19.2 million and$6.7 million , respectively, for the year endedDecember 31, 2021 compared to 2020, as detailed below. Rental Revenue Real Estate Operating ExpensesName Date Sold Property Type Square Feet 2021 2020 Change 2021 2020 Change (dollars in thousands) 601, 611 and 651Gateway January 28, 2020 Office 768,000 $ -$ 1,946 $ (1,946) $ -$ 881 $ (881) New Dominion Technology Park February 20, 2020 Office 493,000 - 2,551 (2,551) - 772 (772)Capital Gallery (1)June 25, 2020 Office 631,000 11,010 23,352 (12,342) 3,824 8,669 (4,845) 181, 191 and 201 Spring StreetOctober 25, 2021 Office 333,000 12,649 15,054 (2,405) 3,999 4,248 (249) 2,225,000$ 23,659 $ 42,903 $
(19,244)
______________
(1)We completed the sale of a portion of ourCapital Gallery property located inWashington, DC .Capital Gallery is an approximately 631,000 net rentable square foot Class A office property. The portion sold was comprised of approximately 455,000 net rentable square feet of commercial office space. We continue to own the land, underground parking garage and remaining commercial office and retail space. The amounts shown represent the entire property and not just the portion sold.
For additional information on the sales of the above properties refer to
“Results of Operations-Other Income and Expense Items-Gains on Sales of Real
Estate” within “Item 7-Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations.”
Residential Net Operating Income (Loss)
Net operating income for our residential same properties decreased by
approximately
2020. The decrease was primarily due to approximately
termination income from a retail tenant in 2020 that did not recur in 2021.
The following reflects our occupancy and rate information for The Lofts at
Kendall Square
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The Lofts at Atlantic Wharf The Avant at Reston Town Center Signature at Reston
2021 2020 Change (%) 2021 2020 Change (%) 2021 2020 Change (%) 2021 2020 Change (%) Average Monthly Rental Rate (1)$ 3,558 $ 4,269 (16.7) %$ 2,277 $ 2,336 (2.5) %$ 2,358 $ 2,329 1.2 %$ 2,615 $ 2,810 (6.9) % Average Rental Rate Per Occupied Square Foot$ 3.99 $ 4.73 (15.6) %$ 2.49 $ 2.56 (2.7) %$ 2.44 $ 2.45 (0.4) %$ 4.80 $ 5.17 (7.2) % Average Physical Occupancy (2) 94.2 % 88.4 % 6.6 % 94.2 % 90.3 % 4.3 % 88.6 % 81.6 % 8.6 % 93.0 % 90.9 % 2.3 % Average Economic Occupancy (3) 92.2 % 87.9 % 4.9 % 93.6 % 89.1 % 5.1 % 86.0 % 77.2 % 11.4 % 92.0 % 89.4 % 2.9 % _______________ (1)Average Monthly Rental Rate is calculated as the average of the quotients obtained by dividing (A) rental revenue as determined in accordance with GAAP, by (B) the number of occupied units for each month within the applicable fiscal period. (2)Average Physical Occupancy is defined as (1) the average number of occupied units divided by (2) the total number of units, expressed as a percentage. (3)Average Economic Occupancy is defined as (1) total possible revenue less vacancy loss divided by (2) total possible revenue, expressed as a percentage. Total possible revenue is determined by valuing average occupied units at contract rates and average vacant units at Market Rents. Vacancy loss is determined by valuing vacant units at current Market Rents. By measuring vacant units at their Market Rents, Average Economic Occupancy takes into account the fact that units of different sizes and locations within a residential property have different economic impacts on a residential property's total possible gross revenue. Market Rents used by us in calculating Economic Occupancy are based on the current market rates set by the managers of our residential properties based on their experience in renting their residential property's units and publicly available market data. Actual market rents and trends in such rents for a region as reported by others may vary materially from Market Rents used by us. Market Rents for a period are based on the average Market Rents during that period and do not reflect any impact for cash concessions.
The Boston Marriott Cambridge hotel had net operating income of approximately$0.6 million for the year endedDecember 31, 2021 , representing an increase of approximately$6.3 million compared to the year endedDecember 31, 2020 .The Boston Marriott Cambridge closed inMarch 2020 due to COVID-19. The hotel re-opened onOctober 2, 2020 and has operated at lower occupancy levels due to the continued impact of COVID-19 on business and leisure travel. The closing of the hotel for more than two fiscal quarters, and the decreased demand and occupancy since its re-opening, have had, and are expected to continue to have, a material adverse effect on the hotel's operations. We expect hotel occupancy to remain low until the demand for business and leisure travel accelerates.
The following reflects our occupancy and rate information for the
Marriott Cambridge
2021 2020 Change (%) Occupancy 33.5 % 16.4 % 104.3 % Average daily rate$ 211.59 $ 211.36 0.1 % REVPAR$ 70.92 $ 33.52 111.6 %
Other Operating Revenue and Expense Items
Development and Management Services Revenue
Development and management services revenue decreased by approximately$1.9 million for the year endedDecember 31, 2021 compared to 2020. Development services revenue decreased by approximately$3.9 million while management services revenue increased by approximately$2.0 million . The decrease in development services revenue was primarily related to a decrease in development fees earned from a building owned by a third-party in theWashington, DC region and an unconsolidated joint venture inNew York City and fees associated with tenant improvement projects earned from a third-party owned building in theWashington, DC region. The increase in management services revenue was primarily related to an increase in property management fees earned from a building owned by a third-party in theWashington, DC region, the unconsolidated joint venture that owns Safeco 76
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region and from an unconsolidated joint venture in the
General and Administrative Expense
General and administrative expense increased by approximately$18.5 million for the year endedDecember 31, 2021 compared to 2020 primarily due to an increase in compensation and health care expenses of approximately$19.9 million , partially offset by an approximately$1.4 million decrease in other general and administrative expenses. The increase in compensation expense was related to (1) an approximately$18.4 million increase in other compensation expenses, primarily due to the reduction of bonuses paid to senior management for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , which resulted from the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our actual performance versus targets under BXP's 2020 annual cash incentive plan, and accelerated age-based vesting of certain employees, (2) an approximately$1.2 million increase in health care costs and (3) an approximately$0.3 million increase in the value of our deferred compensation plan. The decrease in other general and administrative expenses was primarily related to a decrease in professional fees. Wages directly related to the development of rental properties are capitalized and included in real estate assets on our Consolidated Balance Sheets and amortized over the useful lives of the applicable asset or lease term. Capitalized wages for the year endedDecember 31, 2021 and 2020 were approximately$13.7 million and$12.9 million , respectively. These costs are not included in the general and administrative expenses discussed above.
Transaction Costs
Transaction costs increased by approximately$3.5 million for the year endedDecember 31, 2021 compared to 2020 due primarily to costs incurred in connection with the pursuit and formation of new joint ventures. In general, transaction costs relating to the formation of new and pending joint ventures and the pursuit of other transactions are expensed as incurred.
Depreciation and Amortization Expense
Depreciation expense may differ between BXP and BPLP as a result of previously applied acquisition accounting by BXP for the issuance of common stock in connection with non-sponsor OP Unit redemptions by BPLP. This accounting resulted in a step-up of the real estate assets at BXP that was allocated to certain properties. The difference between the real estate assets of BXP as compared to BPLP for certain properties having an allocation of the real estate step-up will result in a corresponding difference in depreciation expense. For additional information see the Explanatory Note that follows the cover page of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Depreciation and amortization expense increased by approximately
for the year ended
Depreciation
and Amortization for the year ended
December 31,
Portfolio 2021 2020 Change
(in thousands)
Same Property Portfolio (1) $ 661,972 $ 656,409 $ 5,563
Properties Acquired Portfolio 8,990 2 8,988
Properties Placed In-Service Portfolio 22,273 10,475 11,798
Properties in Development or Redevelopment Portfolio
(2)
19,703 9,219 10,484
Properties Sold Portfolio 4,398 7,646 (3,248)
$ 717,336 $ 683,751 $ 33,585
_______________
(1)During the year ended December 31, 2021 , we commenced redevelopment of View
Boston Observatory at The Prudential Center , a 59,000 net rentable square foot
redevelopment of the top three floors of 800 Boylston Street - The Prudential
Center , located in Boston, Massachusetts . As a result, during the year ended
December 31, 2021 , we recorded approximately $2.6 million of accelerated
depreciation expense for the demolition of the space, of which approximately
$0.8 million related to the step-up of real estate assets.
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(2)On February 25, 2021 , we commenced redevelopment of 880 Winter Street in
Waltham, Massachusetts . As a result, during the year ended December 31, 2021 , we
recorded approximately $13.7 million of accelerated depreciation expense for the
demolition of a portion of the building.
Depreciation and amortization expense increased by approximately
for the year ended
Depreciation
and Amortization for the year ended
December 31,
Portfolio 2021 2020 Change
(in thousands)
Same Property Portfolio (1) $ 653,671 $ 649,324 $ 4,347
Properties Acquired Portfolio 8,990 2 8,988
Properties Placed In-Service Portfolio 22,273 10,475 11,798
Properties in Development or Redevelopment Portfolio
(2)
19,703 9,219 10,484
Properties Sold Portfolio 4,398 7,646 (3,248)
$ 709,035 $ 676,666 $ 32,369
_______________
(1)During the year ended December 31, 2021 , we commenced redevelopment of View
Boston Observatory at The Prudential Center , a 59,000 net rentable square foot
redevelopment of the top three floors of 800 Boylston Street - The Prudential
Center , located in Boston, Massachusetts . As a result, during the year ended
December 31, 2021 , we recorded approximately $1.8 million of accelerated
depreciation expense for the demolition of the space.
(2)On February 25, 2021 , we commenced redevelopment of 880 Winter Street in
Waltham, Massachusetts . As a result, during the year ended December 31, 2021 , we
recorded approximately $13.7 million of accelerated depreciation expense for the
demolition of a portion of the building.
Direct Reimbursements of Payroll and Related Costs From Management Services
Contracts and Payroll and Related Costs From Management Service Contracts
We have determined that amounts reimbursed for payroll and related costs received from third parties in connection with management services contracts should be reflected on a gross basis instead of on a net basis as we have determined that we are the principal under these arrangements. We anticipate that these two financial statement line items will generally offset each other.
Other Income and Expense Items
Loss from
For the year endedDecember 31, 2021 compared to 2020, loss from unconsolidated joint ventures decreased by approximately$82.5 million primarily due to (1) a$60.5 million non-cash impairment charge at ourDock 72 joint venture during the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , (2) a net decrease in loss from unconsolidated joint ventures of approximately$4.5 million related to our exit from theAnnapolis, Maryland submarket in 2021 and 2020 (See Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements) and (3) an approximately$8.1 million increase in net income at ourDock 72 andMetropolitan Square joint ventures primarily due to a write-off of lease revenue during the year endedDecember 31, 2020 . There were no non-cash impairment charge or write-off of lease revenue during 2021.
Gains on Sales of Real Estate
Gains on sales of real estate may differ between BXP and BPLP as a result of
previously applied acquisition accounting by BXP for the issuance of common
stock in connection with non-sponsor OP Unit redemptions by BPLP. This
accounting resulted in a step-up of the real estate assets at BXP that was
allocated to certain properties. The difference between the real estate assets
of BXP as compared to BPLP for certain properties having an allocation of the
real estate step-up will result in a corresponding difference in the gains on
sales of real estate when those properties are sold. For additional information,
see the Explanatory Note that follows the cover page of this Annual Report on
Form 10-K.
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Gains on sales of real estate decreased by approximately
year ended
Gain on Sale
Net Cash of Real
Name Date Sold Property Type Square Feet Sale Price Proceeds Estate
(dollars in millions)
2021
6595 Springfield Center
Drive December 13, 2018 Office 634,000 N/A N/A $ 8.1 (1)
181, 191 and 201 Spring
Street October 25, 2021 Office 333,000 $ 191.5 $ 179.9 115.6
$ 191.5 $ 179.9 $ 123.7
2020
601, 611 and 651 Gateway January 28, 2020 Office 768,000 $ 350.0 $ - $ 217.7
New Dominion Technology
Park February 20, 2020 Office 493,000 256.0 254.0 192.3
Capital Gallery June 25, 2020 Office 455,000 253.7 246.6 203.5
Crane Meadow December 16, 2020 Land N/A 14.3 14.2 5.2
$ 874.0 $ 514.8 $ 618.7 (2)
___________
(1)On December 13, 2018 , we sold our 6595 Springfield Center Drive development
project located in Springfield, Virginia . Concurrently with the sale, we agreed
to act as development manager and guaranteed the completion of the project (See
Note 10 to the Consolidated Financial Statements). The development project
achieved final completion during the third quarter of 2021 and, upon completion
of the project, the total cost of development was determined to be below the
estimated total investment at the time of sale. As a result, we recognized a
gain of approximately $8.1 million .
(2)Excludes approximately $0.3 million of gains on sales of real estate
recognized during the year ended December 31, 2020 related to gain amounts from
sales of real estate occurring in the prior year.
Gains on sales of real estate decreased by approximately
year ended
Gain on Sale
Net Cash of Real
Name Date Sold Property Type Square Feet Sale Price Proceeds Estate
(dollars in millions)
2021
6595 Springfield Center
Drive December 13, 2018 Office 634,000 N/A N/A $ 8.1 (1)
181, 191 and 201 Spring
Street October 25, 2021 Office 333,000 $ 191.5 $ 179.9 117.1
$ 191.5 $ 179.9 $ 125.2
2020
601, 611 and 651 Gateway January 28, 2020 Office 768,000 $ 350.0 $ - $ 222.4
New Dominion Technology
Park February 20, 2020 Office 493,000 256.0 254.0 197.1
Capital Gallery June 25, 2020 Office 455,000 253.7 246.6 207.0
Crane Meadow December 16, 2020 Land N/A 14.3 14.2 5.2
$ 874.0 $ 514.8 $ 631.7 (2)
___________
(1)On December 13, 2018 , we sold our 6595 Springfield Center Drive development
project located in Springfield, Virginia . Concurrently with the sale, we agreed
to act as development manager and guaranteed the completion of the project (See
Note 10 to the Consolidated Financial Statements). The development project
achieved final completion during the third quarter of 2021 and, upon completion
of the project, the total cost of development was determined to be below the
estimated total investment at the time of sale. As a result, we recognized a
gain of approximately $8.1 million .
(2)Excludes approximately $0.2 million of gains on sales of real estate
recognized during the year ended December 31, 2020 related to gain amounts from
sales of real estate occurring in the prior year.
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Interest and Other Income (Loss)
Interest and other income (loss) decreased by approximately$0.2 million for the year endedDecember 31, 2021 compared to 2020, due primarily to a decrease of approximately$3.4 million in interest income due to lower interest earned on our deposits, partially offset by an approximately$3.2 million decrease in the allowance for current expected credit losses, which results in higher income. OnJanuary 1, 2020 , we adopted Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2016-13, "Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments" ("ASU 2016-13") and, as a result, we were required to record an allowance for current expected credit losses related to our outstanding (1) related party note receivable, (2) notes receivable and (3) off-balance sheet credit exposures.
Gains from Investments in Securities
Gains from investments in securities for the year endedDecember 31, 2021 and 2020 related to investments that we have made to reduce our market risk relating to deferred compensation plans that we maintain for BXP's officers and former non-employee directors. Under the deferred compensation plans, each officer or non-employee director who is eligible to participate is permitted to defer a portion of the officer's current income or the non-employee director's compensation on a pre-tax basis and receive a tax-deferred return on these deferrals based on the performance of specific investments selected by the officer or non-employee director. In order to reduce our market risk relating to these plans, we typically acquire, in a separate account that is not restricted as to its use, similar or identical investments as those selected by each officer or non-employee director. This enables us to generally match our liabilities to BXP's officers or former non-employee directors under our deferred compensation plans with equivalent assets and thereby limit our market risk. The performance of these investments is recorded as gains from investments in securities. During the year endedDecember 31, 2021 and 2020, we recognized gains of approximately$5.6 million and$5.3 million , respectively, on these investments. By comparison, our general and administrative expense increased by approximately$5.6 million and$5.3 million during the year endedDecember 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, as a result of increases in our liability under our deferred compensation plans that was associated with the performance of the specific investments selected by officers and former non-employee directors of BXP participating in the plans.
Losses From Early Extinguishment of Debt
OnFebruary 14, 2021 , BPLP completed the redemption of$850.0 million in aggregate principal amount of its 4.125% senior notes dueMay 15, 2021 . The redemption price was approximately$858.7 million , which was equal to the stated principal plus approximately$8.7 million of accrued and unpaid interest to, but not including, the redemption date. Excluding the accrued and unpaid interest, the redemption price was equal to the principal amount being redeemed. We recognized a loss from early extinguishment of debt totaling approximately$0.4 million related to unamortized origination costs.
On
outstanding on its delayed draw term loan facility (“Delayed Draw Facility”)
under our prior unsecured revolving credit agreement (the “2017 Credit
Facility”). We recognized a loss from early extinguishment of debt totaling
approximately
OnOctober 15, 2021 , BPLP used proceeds from itsSeptember 2021 offering of unsecured senior notes and borrowings under its new credit facility, which replaced the 2017 Credit Facility (as amended and restated, the "2021 Credit Facility") to complete the redemption of$1.0 billion in aggregate principal amount of its 3.85% senior notes dueFebruary 1, 2023 . The redemption price was approximately$1.05 billion . The redemption price included approximately$7.9 million of accrued and unpaid interest to, but not including, the redemption date. Excluding the accrued and unpaid interest, the redemption price was approximately 104.284% of the principal amount being redeemed. We recognized a loss from early extinguishment of debt totaling approximately$44.2 million , which amount included the payment of the redemption premium totaling approximately$42.8 million . OnDecember 10, 2021 , the consolidated entity in which we have a 55% interest refinanced the mortgage loan collateralized by its601 Lexington Avenue property located inNew York City with a new lender. The mortgage loan has a principal amount of$1.0 billion , requires interest-only payments at a fixed interest rate of 2.79% per annum and matures onJanuary 9, 2032 . The previous mortgage loan had an outstanding balance of approximately$616.1 million , bore interest at a fixed rate of 4.75% per annum and was scheduled to mature onApril 10, 2022 . There was no prepayment penalty associated with the repayment of the previous mortgage loan. We recognized a 80
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loss from early extinguishment of debt totaling approximately
to the write-off of unamortized deferred financing costs.
Interest Expense
Interest expense decreased by approximately
Change in interest
expense for the year
ended December 31, 2021
compared to December 31,
Component 2020
(in thousands)
Increases to interest expense due to:
Issuance of $850 million in aggregate principal of 2.550% senior notes
due 2032 on March 16, 2021 $ 17,389
Issuance of
notes due 2031 on
14,155
Issuance of
due 2033 on
5,328
Increase in interest due to finance leases for two in-service
properties
1,880 Decrease in capitalized interest related to development projects 1,139 Total increases to interest expense 39,891
Decreases to interest expense due to:
Redemption of
notes due 2021 on
(31,497)
Redemption of
notes due 2023 on
(8,176)
Decrease in interest rates for the 2017 and 2021 Credit Facilities and
the repayment of the unsecured term loan on
(5,964)
Increase in capitalized interest related to development projects that
had finance leases
(1,139) Other interest expense (excluding senior notes) (968)
Decrease in interest due to finance leases that are related to
development properties
(355)
Decrease in interest related to the repayment of the
mortgage loan
(163) Total decreases to interest expense (48,262) Total change in interest expense $ (8,371)
_______________
(1)On
the 2017 Credit Facility (See Note 9 to the Consolidated Financial Statements).
Interest expense directly related to the development of rental properties is capitalized and included in real estate assets on our Consolidated Balance Sheets and amortized over the useful lives of the real estate or lease term. As portions of properties are placed in-service, we cease capitalizing interest on that portion and interest is then expensed. Interest capitalized for the years endedDecember 31, 2021 and 2020 was approximately$53.1 million and$53.9 million , respectively. These costs are not included in the interest expense referenced above. AtDecember 31, 2021 , our variable rate debt consisted of BPLP's$1.5 billion revolving facility (the "Revolving Facility"). The Revolving Facility had$145 million outstanding as ofDecember 31, 2021 . For a summary of our consolidated debt as ofDecember 31, 2021 andDecember 31, 2020 refer to the heading "Liquidity and Capital Resources-Debt Financing" within "Item 7-Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations." 81
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Noncontrolling Interests in Property Partnerships
Noncontrolling interests in property partnerships increased by approximately$22.5 million for the year endedDecember 31, 2021 compared to 2020, as detailed below. Noncontrolling
Interests in Property Partnerships for
the year ended December 31,
Property 2021 2020 Change
(in thousands)
767 Fifth Avenue (the General Motors Building )
(1) $ 11,594 $ 4,954 $ 6,640
Times Square Tower (2) 20,051 3,535 16,516
601 Lexington Avenue 14,897 16,575 (1,678)
100 Federal Street 12,158 14,313 (2,155)
Atlantic Wharf Office Building 12,106 8,883 3,223
$ 70,806 $ 48,260 $ 22,546
_______________
(1)The increase was primarily attributable to an increase in lease revenue from
our tenants. In addition, during the year ended December 31, 2020 , we
accelerated amortization expense related to a below-market lease that terminated
early.
(2)During the year ended December 31, 2020 , we wrote off approximately $26.8
million of accrued rent and accounts receivable balances for tenants that either
terminated their leases or for which we determined these balances were no longer
probable of collection. Approximately $12.0 million represents our partners'
share of the write-offs.
Noncontrolling Interest-Common Units of the
For BXP, noncontrolling interest-common units of theOperating Partnership decreased by approximately$41.8 million for the year endedDecember 31, 2021 compared to 2020 due primarily to a decrease in allocable income, which was the result of recognizing a greater gain on sales of real estate amount during 2020. Due to our ownership structure, there is no corresponding line item on BPLP's financial statements.
Preferred Stock/Unit Redemption Charge
OnMarch 2, 2021 , BXP issued a redemption notice for 80,000 shares of its Series B Preferred Stock, which constituted all of the outstanding Series B Preferred Stock, and the corresponding Depositary Shares, each representing 1/100th of a share of Series B Preferred Stock. The redemption price per share of Series B Preferred Stock was$2,500 , plus all accrued and unpaid dividend to, but not including, the redemption date, totaling$2,516.41 per share. OnMarch 31, 2021 , we transferred the full redemption price for all outstanding shares of Series B Preferred Stock of approximately$201.3 million , including approximately$1.3 million of accrued and unpaid dividends to, but not including, the redemption date, to the redemption agent. The excess of the redemption price over the carrying value of the Series B Preferred Stock and Series B Preferred Units of approximately$6.4 million relates to the original issuance costs and is reflected as a reduction to Net Income Attributable toBoston Properties, Inc. common shareholders and Net Income Attributable toBoston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders on the Consolidated Income Statement.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
General
Our principal liquidity needs for the next twelve months and beyond are to:
•fund normal recurring expenses;
•meet debt service and principal repayment obligations, including balloon
payments on maturing debt;
•fund development and redevelopment costs;
•fund capital expenditures, including major renovations, tenant improvements and
leasing costs;
•fund pending and possible acquisitions of properties, either directly or
indirectly through the acquisition of equity interests therein; and
•make the minimum distribution required to enable BXP to maintain its REIT
qualification under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.
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We expect to satisfy these needs using one or more of the following:
•cash flow from operations;
•distribution of cash flows from joint ventures;
•cash and cash equivalent balances;
•borrowings under BPLP’s Revolving Facility, short-term bridge facilities and
construction loans;
•long-term secured and unsecured indebtedness (including unsecured exchangeable
indebtedness);
•sales of real estate;
•private equity sources through our Strategic Capital Program (“SCP”) with large
institutional investors, and
•issuances of BXP equity securities and/or preferred or common units of
partnership interests in BPLP.
We draw on multiple financing sources to fund our long-term capital needs. We
expect to fund our current development/redevelopment properties primarily with
our available cash balances, construction loans and BPLP's Revolving Facility.
We use BPLP's Revolving Facility primarily as a bridge facility to fund
acquisition opportunities, refinance outstanding indebtedness and meet
short-term development and working capital needs. Although we may seek to fund
our development projects with construction loans, which may require guarantees
by BPLP, the financing for each particular project ultimately depends on several
factors, including, among others, the project's size and duration, the extent of
pre-leasing and our available cash and access to cost effective capital at the
given time.
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The following table presents information on properties under construction and
redevelopment as of
Financings
Estimated Total Outstanding at Estimated Future
Investment to Investment Total December 31, 2021 Equity Requirement Percentage Leased
Construction Properties Estimated Stabilization Date Location # of Buildings Estimated Square Feet Date (1)(2)(3) (1)(2) Available (1) (1) (1)(2)(4) (5)
Office
325 Main Street Third Quarter, 2022 Cambridge, MA 1 420,000 $ 308,403 $ 418,400 $ - $ - $ 109,997 90 %
Reston Next Fourth Quarter, 2023 Reston, VA 2 1,062,000 534,847 715,300 - - 180,453 86 % (6)
2100 Pennsylvania Avenue Third Quarter, 2024 Washington, DC 1 480,000 229,749 356,100 - - 126,351 58 %
360 Park Avenue South (42%
ownership) First Quarter, 2025 New York, NY 1 450,000 192,058 219,000 92,774 84,925 19,093 - % (7)
Total Office Properties under Construction 5 2,412,000 1,265,057 1,708,800 92,774 84,925 435,894 65 %
Lab/Life Sciences
880 Winter Street (Redevelopment) First Quarter, 2023 Waltham, MA 1 224,000 20,345 108,000 - - 87,655 74 %
751 Gateway (49% ownership) Second Quarter, 2024 South San Francisco, CA 1 230,592 41,337 127,600 - - 86,263 100 %
103 CityPoint Third Quarter, 2024 Waltham, MA 1 113,000 14,663 115,100 - - 100,437 - %
180 CityPoint Fourth Quarter, 2024 Waltham, MA 1 329,000 50,776 274,700 - - 223,924 - %
Total Lab/Life Sciences Properties under Construction 4 896,592 127,121 625,400 - - 498,279 44 %
Other
View Boston Observatory at The
Prudential Center (Redevelopment) N/A Boston, MA - 59,000 59,699 182,300 - - 122,601 N/A (8)
Total Properties under Construction 9 3,367,592 $ 1,451,877 $ 2,516,500 $ 92,774 $ 84,925 $ 1,056,774 59 % (9)
___________
(1)Represents our share.
(2)Each of Investment to Date, Estimated Total Investment and Estimated Future
Equity Requirement includes our share of acquisition expenses, as applicable,
and reflect our share of the estimated net revenue/expenses that we expect to
incur prior to stabilization of the project, including any amounts actually
received or paid through December 31, 2021 .
(3)Includes approximately $51.1 million of unpaid but accrued construction costs
and leasing commissions.
(4)Excludes approximately $51.1 million of unpaid but accrued construction costs
and leasing commissions.
(5)Represents percentage leased as of February 14, 2022 , including leases with
future commencement dates.
(6)The property was 28% placed in-service as of December 31, 2021 .
(7)Investment to Date includes all related costs incurred prior to the
contribution of the property by us to the venture on December 15, 2021 totaling
approximately $107 million and our proportionate share of the loan. Our partners
will fund required capital until their aggregate investment is approximately 58%
of all capital contributions; thereafter, the partners will fund required
capital according to their percentage interests.
(8)We expect to place this project in-service and open to the public in the
second quarter of 2023.
(9)Percentage leased excludes View Boston Observatory at The Prudential Center
(redevelopment) at 800 Boylston Street - The Prudential Center .
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Lease revenue (which includes recoveries from tenants), other income from operations, available cash balances, mortgage financings, unsecured indebtedness and draws on BPLP's Revolving Facility are the principal sources of capital that we use to fund operating expenses, debt service, maintenance and repositioning capital expenditures, tenant improvements and the minimum distribution required to enable BXP to maintain its REIT qualification. We seek to maximize income from our existing properties by maintaining quality standards for our properties that promote high occupancy rates and permit increases in rental rates while reducing tenant turnover and controlling operating expenses. Our sources of revenue also include third-party fees generated by our property management, leasing and development and construction businesses, as well as the sale of assets from time to time. We believe these sources of capital will continue to provide the funds necessary for our short-term liquidity needs, including our properties under development and redevelopment. Material adverse changes in one or more sources of capital, whether due to the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic or otherwise, may adversely affect our net cash flows. Leasing activity and revenue from parking and our hotel improved in the fourth quarter of 2021. We signed approximately 1.8 million square feet of leases in the fourth quarter of 2021, which is in-line with our 10-year fourth quarter leasing average. Our fourth quarter parking revenue was approximately 87% of our fourth quarter 2019 pre-pandemic parking revenue. While our hotel revenue significantly improved in the fourth quarter of 2021 compared to the fourth quarter of 2020, it was approximately 47% below our fourth quarter 2019 (i.e., pre-pandemic) hotel revenue as a result of low occupancy.
Our primary uses of capital over the next twelve months will be the
commencement, continuation and completion of our current and committed
development and redevelopment projects, servicing the interest payments on our
outstanding indebtedness and satisfying our REIT distribution requirements.
As ofDecember 31, 2021 , we had nine properties under development or redevelopment. Our share of the remaining development and redevelopment costs that we expect to fund through 2025 was approximately$1.1 billion . InJanuary 2022 , we commenced the redevelopment of 651Gateway , in which we own a 50% interest, located inSouth San Francisco, California and inFebruary 2022 , we announced the restart of the first phase of our Platform 16 development project, in which we own a 55% interest, inSan Jose, California (see Note 18 to the Consolidated Financial Statements). During the fourth quarter of 2021, a joint venture in which we own a 55% interest refinanced the mortgage debt collateralized by its601 Lexington Avenue property located inNew York City with a new lender. The new mortgage loan totals$1.0 billion , bears interest at a rate of 2.79% per annum and matures inJanuary 2032 . The previous mortgage debt had an outstanding balance of approximately$616.1 million , bore interest at a rate of 4.75% per annum and was scheduled to expire inApril 2022 . InJuly 2021 , we announced the formation of an investment program with two partners committing a targeted equity investment of$1.0 billion , including$250 million from us. Under this agreement, we will provide these partners, for up to two years, exclusive first offers to form joint ventures with us to invest in assets that meet pre-established target criteria. All investments are discretionary to each partner. The SCP provides us the opportunity to partner with large institutional investors and capitalize our investment opportunities partially through private equity. The SCP enhances our access to capital and investment capacity and further enhances our returns through fees paid to us, and in certain partnerships, a greater share of income upon achieving certain success criteria. These large financial partners include some of the world's largest sovereign wealth funds and pension plans. Our use of the SCP is consistent with our ongoing strategy to create value through opportunistic investments in high-quality office properties in markets with the strongest economic growth over time while maintaining a strong balance sheet and modest leverage. OnDecember 14, 2021 , we acquired360 Park Avenue South , an approximately 450,000 square foot office building located inNew York City , for an aggregate purchase price, including transactions costs, of approximately$300.7 million . At closing, we assumed approximately$200.3 million of mortgage debt and BPLP issued approximately$99.7 million of its common units of limited partnership interest in BPLP ("OP Units") at approximately$115 per OP Unit. Immediately following the acquisition, we refinanced the assumed debt with a$220.0 million , of which$202.0 million was advanced at closing, three-year mortgage loan with a variable interest rate equal to the Adjusted SOFR plus 2.40% per annum. The spread on the variable rate may be reduced subject to certain conditions. OnDecember 15, 2021 , we contributed the property to a joint venture for our aggregate (direct and indirect) approximately 42.21% ownership interest and the two SCP partners own the remaining approximately 58% 85
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interest. The joint venture assumed the related indebtedness. The venture
immediately commenced redevelopment of the asset with an estimated initial
occupancy in late 2023.
OnOctober 25, 2021 , we completed the sale of our 181,191 and 201 Spring Street properties, located inLexington, Massachusetts , for an aggregate gross sales price of$191.5 million . Net cash proceeds totaled approximately$179.9 million . We have no debt maturities untilSeptember 2023 . Our unconsolidated joint ventures have two loans maturing in 2022, of which our share of the aggregate outstanding principal is approximately$146.5 million . We are currently in the market to refinance both maturities with mortgage debt in amounts equal to or greater than the current balances. There can be no assurance that we will complete these refinancings on the terms currently contemplated or at all. Although the current and future impact of COVID-19 on our liquidity and capital resources will depend on a wide range of factors, we believe that our access to capital and our strong liquidity, including the approximately$1.2 billion available under the 2021 Credit Facility and available cash of approximately$292.2 million (of which approximately$101.0 million is attributable to our consolidated joint venture partners), as ofFebruary 14, 2022 , is sufficient to fund our remaining capital requirements on existing development and redevelopment projects, repay our maturing indebtedness when due, satisfy our REIT distribution requirements and still allow us to act opportunistically on attractive investment opportunities.
We have not sold any shares under BXP’s
offering program.
We may seek to enhance our liquidity to fund our current and future development activity, pursue additional attractive investment opportunities and refinance or repay indebtedness. Depending on interest rates, the overall conditions in the debt and equity markets, and our leverage at the time, we may decide to access either or both of these capital sources. Doing so may result in us carrying additional cash and cash equivalents pending our use of the proceeds, which could increase our net interest expense or be dilutive to our earnings, or both.
Inflation
We are exposed to inflation risk, as income from long-term leases is the primary source of our cash flows from operations. There are provisions in the majority of our tenant leases that protect us from, and mitigate the risk of, the impact of inflation. These provisions include rent steps and resets to market, reimbursement billings for operating expense pass-through charges, real estate tax and insurance reimbursements on a per-square-foot basis, or in some cases, annual reimbursement of operating expenses above a certain per-square-foot allowance. However, due to the long-term nature of the leases, the rent may not increase frequently enough to fully cover inflation.
REIT Tax Distribution Considerations
Dividend
BXP as a REIT is subject to a number of organizational and operational requirements, including a requirement that BXP currently distribute at least 90% of its annual taxable income (excluding capital gains and with certain other adjustments). Our policy is for BXP to distribute at least 100% of its taxable income, including capital gains, to avoid paying federal tax. OnDecember 17, 2019 , the Board of Directors of BXP increased our regular quarterly dividend from$0.95 per common share to$0.98 per common share, or 3%, beginning with the fourth quarter of 2019. Common and LTIP unitholders of limited partnership interest in BPLP, received the same total distribution per unit. BXP's Board of Directors will continue to evaluate BXP's dividend rate in light of our actual and projected taxable income (including gains on sales), liquidity requirements and other circumstances, including the impact of COVID-19, and there can be no assurance that the future dividends declared by BXP's Board of Directors will not differ materially from the current quarterly dividend amount.
Sales
To the extent that we sell assets at a gain and cannot efficiently use the
proceeds in a tax deferred manner for either our development activities or
attractive acquisitions, BXP would, at the appropriate time, decide whether it
is better to declare a special dividend, adopt a stock repurchase program,
reduce indebtedness or retain the cash for future investment opportunities. Such
a decision will depend on many factors including, among others, the timing,
availability and terms of development and acquisition opportunities, our
then-current and anticipated leverage, the
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cost and availability of capital from other sources, the price of BXP's common
stock and REIT distribution requirements. At a minimum, we expect that BXP would
distribute at least that amount of proceeds necessary for BXP to avoid paying
corporate level tax on the applicable gains realized from any asset sales.
From time to time in select cases, whether due to a change in use, structuring
issues to comply with applicable REIT regulations or other reasons, we may sell
an asset that is held by a taxable REIT subsidiary ("TRS"). Such a sale by a TRS
would be subject to federal and local taxes.
Cash Flow Summary
The following summary discussion of our cash flows is based on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows and is not meant to be an all-inclusive discussion of the changes in our cash flows for the periods presented below. Cash and cash equivalents and cash held in escrows aggregated approximately$0.5 billion and$1.7 billion atDecember 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, representing a decrease of approximately$1.2 billion . The following table sets forth changes in cash flows: Year ended December 31, Increase 2021 2020 (Decrease) (in thousands) Net cash provided by operating activities$ 1,133,227 $ 1,156,840 $ (23,613) Net cash used in investing activities (1,039,956) (613,719) (426,237)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities (1,311,442)
484,322 (1,795,764) Our principal source of cash flow is related to the operation of our properties. The weighted-average term of our in-place leases, excluding residential units, was approximately 7.9 years as ofDecember 31, 2021 , including leases signed by our unconsolidated joint ventures, with occupancy rates historically in the range of 88% to 94%. Generally, our properties generate a relatively consistent stream of cash flow that provides us with resources to pay operating expenses, debt service and fund regular quarterly dividend and distribution payment requirements. In addition, over the past several years, we have raised capital through the sale of some of our properties and through secured and unsecured borrowings. The full extent of the impact of COVID-19 on our business, operations and financial results will depend on numerous evolving factors that we may not be able to accurately predict. In addition, we cannot predict the impact that COVID-19 will have on our tenants, employees, contractors, lenders, suppliers, vendors and joint venture partners; any material adverse effect on these parties could also have a material adverse effect on us. Cash is used in investing activities to fund acquisitions, development, net investments in unconsolidated joint ventures and maintenance and repositioning capital expenditures. We selectively invest in new projects that enable us to take advantage of our development, leasing, financing and property management skills and invest in existing buildings to enhance or maintain our market position. Cash used in investing activities for the year endedDecember 31, 2021 consisted primarily of acquisitions of real estate, development projects, building and tenant improvements and capital contributions to unconsolidated joint ventures, partially offset by proceeds from the sales of real estate and proceeds from sale of investment in unconsolidated joint ventures. Cash used in investing activities for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 consisted primarily of acquisitions of real estate, development projects, building and tenant improvements and capital contributions to unconsolidated joint ventures, partially offset by the proceeds from the sale of real estate and capital distribution from unconsolidated joint ventures, as detailed below: 87
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Year ended December 31,
2021 2020
(in thousands)
Acquisitions of real estate (1) $ (222,260) $ (137,976)
Construction in progress (2) (513,878) (482,507)
Building and other capital improvements (150,998) (160,126)
Tenant improvements (263,952) (234,423)
Proceeds from sales of real estate (3) 179,887 519,303
Capital contributions to unconsolidated joint ventures (4) (98,152) (172,436)
Capital distributions from unconsolidated joint ventures (5) 122 55,298
Proceeds from sale of investment in unconsolidated joint venture (6)
17,789 - Issuance of note receivable, net (7) - (9,800) Proceeds from note receivable (8) 10,035 6,397 Investments in securities, net 1,451 2,551 Net cash used in investing activities $
(1,039,956)
Cash used in investing activities changed primarily due to the following:
(1)OnAugust 2, 2021 , we acquiredShady Grove Innovation District inRockville, Maryland , for a purchase price, including transaction costs, of approximately$118.5 million in cash.Shady Grove Innovation District is an approximately 435,000 net rentable square foot, seven-building office park situated on an approximately 31-acre site.
On
Massachusetts
&
approximately 137,000 net rentable square feet.
OnJune 26, 2020 , we completed the acquisition of real property at777 Harrison Street (known as Fourth + Harrison) located inSan Francisco, California for a gross purchase price, including entitlements, totaling approximately$140.1 million . OnJuly 31, 2020 andDecember 16, 2020 , we acquired real property at759 Harrison Street located inSan Francisco, California , which is expected to be included in the Fourth + Harrison development project, for an aggregate purchase price totaling approximately$4.5 million .759 Harrison Street and Fourth + Harrison are expected to support the development of approximately 850,000 square feet of primarily commercial office space. (2)Construction in progress for the year endedDecember 31, 2021 includes ongoing expenditures associated with One Five NineEast 53rd Street , which was completed and fully placed in-service during the year endedDecember 31, 2021 . In addition, we incurred costs associated with our continued development/redevelopment of200 West Street ,325 Main Street ,2100 Pennsylvania Avenue , Reston Next, 180 CityPoint,View Boston Observatory at ThePrudential Center and880 Winter Street . Construction in progress for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 includes ongoing expenditures associated with 17FiftyPresidents Street , 20 CityPoint and The Skylyne, which were completed and fully placed in-service during the year endedDecember 31, 2020 . In addition, we incurred costs associated with our continued development/redevelopment of One Five NineEast 53rd Street , Reston Next,2100 Pennsylvania Avenue ,200 West Street and325 Main Street . (3)OnOctober 25, 2021 , we completed the sale of our 181,191 and 201 Spring Street properties located inLexington, Massachusetts for an aggregate gross sales price of$191.5 million . Net cash proceeds totaled approximately$179.9 million , resulting in a gain on sale of real estate totaling approximately$115.6 million for BXP and approximately$117.1 million for BPLP. 181,191 and 201 Spring Street are three Class A office properties aggregating approximately 333,000 net rentable square feet.
On
million
gain on sale of real estate totaling approximately
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OnJune 25, 2020 , we completed the sale of a portion of ourCapital Gallery property located inWashington, DC for a gross sales price of approximately$253.7 million . Net cash proceeds totaled approximately$246.6 million , resulting in a gain on sale of real estate totaling approximately$203.6 million for BXP and approximately$207.0 million for BPLP.Capital Gallery is an approximately 631,000 net rentable square foot Class A office property. The portion sold is comprised of approximately 455,000 net rentable square feet of commercial office space. We continue to own the land, underground parking garage and remaining commercial office and retail space containing approximately 176,000 net rentable square feet at the property. OnFebruary 20, 2020 , we completed the sale ofNew Dominion Technology Park located inHerndon, Virginia for a gross sales price of$256.0 million . Net cash proceeds totaled approximately$254.0 million , resulting in a gain on sale of real estate totaling approximately$192.3 million for BXP and approximately$197.1 million for BPLP.New Dominion Technology Park is comprised of two Class A office properties aggregating approximately 493,000 net rentable square feet. (4)Capital contributions to unconsolidated joint ventures for the year endedDecember 31, 2021 consisted primarily of cash contributions of approximately$73.0 million and$11.4 million to ourSafeco Plaza andSanta Monica Business Park joint ventures, respectively. OnSeptember 1, 2021 , we entered into a new joint venture forSafeco Plaza located inSeattle, Washington (See Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements). Capital contributions to unconsolidated joint ventures for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 consisted primarily of cash contributions of approximately$79.3 million ,$46.3 million ,$27.2 million ,$7.5 million and$7.4 million to our Platform 16,3 Hudson Boulevard , Beach Cities Media Campus,Dock 72 andMetropolitan Square joint ventures, respectively. (5)Capital distributions from unconsolidated joint ventures for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 consisted of cash distributions totaling (1) approximately$22.5 million from ourMetropolitan Square joint venture resulting from the excess proceeds from the refinancing of the mortgage loan on the property, (2) approximately$17.9 million from ourAnnapolis Junction joint venture resulting from available cash and the net proceeds from the sale ofAnnapolis Junction Building Eight and two land parcels after the pay down of the mortgage loan and (3) approximately$14.0 million from our Colorado Center joint venture resulting from the excess proceeds from the mortgage financing on the property that occurred during 2017, which proceeds were released from lender reserves. (6)OnMarch 30, 2021 , we completed the sale of our 50% ownership interest inAnnapolis Junction NFM LLC (the "Annapolis Junction Joint Venture") to the joint venture partner for a gross sales price of$65.9 million . Net cash proceeds to us totaled approximately$17.8 million after repayment of our share of debt totaling approximately$15.1 million . (7)Issuance of notes receivable, net consisted of the$10.0 million of financing provided to an affiliate of our partner in the joint venture that owns and is developing7750 Wisconsin Avenue located inBethesda, Maryland . The financing bears interest at a fixed rate of 8.00% per annum, compounded monthly, and matures on the fifth anniversary of the date on which the base building of the affiliate of our partner's hotel property is substantially completed. The loan is collateralized by a pledge of the partner's equity interest in our joint venture that owns and is developing7750 Wisconsin Avenue . (8)Proceeds from note receivable consists of the final repayment of a note receivable provided by us to the buyer in connection with the sale of land at our Tower Oaks property located inRockville, Maryland , which was collateralized by a portion of the land parcel, bore interest at an effective rate of 1.92% per annum and matured onDecember 20, 2021 . Cash used in financing activities for the year endedDecember 31, 2021 totaled approximately$1.3 billion . This amount consisted primarily of (1) the redemption of$1.0 billion in aggregate principal amount of BPLP's 3.85% senior notes due 2023, (2) the redemption of$850.0 million in aggregate principal amount of BPLP's 4.125% senior notes due 2021, (3) the repayment of the$500.0 million Delayed Draw Facility under the 2017 Credit Facility, (4) redemption of the$200 million Series B Preferred Stock, (5) payment of our regular dividends and distributions to our shareholders and unitholders and (6) distributions to noncontrolling interest holders in property partnership. These decreases were partially offset by the proceeds from the issuance by BPLP of (1)$850.0 million in aggregate principal amount of its 2.550% senior unsecured notes due 2032 and (2)$850.0 million in aggregate principal 89
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amount of its 2.450% senior unsecured notes due 2033. Future debt payments are
discussed below under the heading “Debt Financing.”
Capitalization
The following table presents Consolidated Market Capitalization and BXP's Share
of Market Capitalization, as well as the corresponding ratios of Consolidated
Debt to Consolidated Market Capitalization and BXP's Share of Debt to BXP's
Share of Market Capitalization (in thousands except for percentages):
December 31, 2021
Shares / Units Equivalent Value
Outstanding Common Stock Equivalent (1)
Common Stock 156,545 156,545 $ 18,030,853
Common Operating Partnership Units 18,047 18,047 2,078,653 (2)
Total Equity 174,592 $ 20,109,506
Consolidated Debt $ 12,896,609
Add:
BXP's share of unconsolidated joint venture debt
(3) 1,383,887
Subtract:
Partners' share of Consolidated Debt (4) (1,356,579) BXP's Share of Debt$ 12,923,917 Consolidated Market Capitalization$ 33,006,115 BXP's Share of Market Capitalization$ 33,033,423 Consolidated Debt/Consolidated Market Capitalization 39.07 % BXP's Share of Debt/BXP's Share of Market Capitalization 39.12 % _______________ (1)Values are based on the closing price per share of BXP's Common Stock on theNew York Stock Exchange onDecember 31, 2021 of$115.18 . (2)Includes long-term incentive plan units (including 2012 OPP Units and 2013 - 2018 MYLTIP Units) but excludes MYLTIP Units granted between 2019 and 2021 because the three-year performance period has not ended. (3)See page 95 for additional information. (4)See page 94 for additional information. Consolidated Debt to Consolidated Market Capitalization Ratio is a measure of leverage commonly used by analysts in the REIT sector. We present this measure as a percentage and it is calculated by dividing (A) our consolidated debt by (B) our consolidated market capitalization, which is the market value of our outstanding equity securities plus our consolidated debt. Consolidated market capitalization is the sum of:
(1) our consolidated debt; plus
(2) the product of (x) the closing price per share of BXP common stock on
the sum of:
(i) the number of outstanding shares of common stock of BXP,
(ii) the number of outstanding OP Units in BPLP (excluding OP Units held by
BXP),
(iii) the number of OP Units issuable upon conversion of all outstanding LTIP
Units, assuming all conditions have been met for the conversion of the LTIP
Units, and
(iv) the number of OP Units issuable upon conversion of 2012 OPP Units, 2013 –
2018 MYLTIP Units that were issued in the form of LTIP Units.
The calculation of consolidated market capitalization does not include LTIP
Units issued in the form of MYLTIP Awards unless and until certain performance
thresholds are achieved and they are earned. Because their three-
90 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Table of Contents year performance periods have not yet ended, 2019 - 2021 MYLTIP Units are not included in this calculation as ofDecember 31, 2021 . We also present BXP's Share of Market Capitalization and BXP's Share of Debt/BXP's Share of Market Capitalization, which are calculated in the same manner, except that BXP's Share of Debt is utilized instead of our consolidated debt in both the numerator and the denominator. BXP's Share of Debt is defined as our consolidated debt plus our share of debt from our unconsolidated joint ventures (calculated based upon our ownership percentage), minus our partners' share of debt from our consolidated joint ventures (calculated based upon the partners' percentage ownership interests adjusted for basis differentials). Management believes that BXP's Share of Debt provides useful information to investors regarding our financial condition because it includes our share of debt from unconsolidated joint ventures and excludes our partners' share of debt from consolidated joint ventures, in each case presented on the same basis. We have several significant joint ventures and presenting various measures of financial condition in this manner can help investors better understand our financial condition and/or results of operations after taking into account our economic interest in these joint ventures. We caution investors that the ownership percentages used in calculating BXP's Share of Debt may not completely and accurately depict all of the legal and economic implications of holding an interest in a consolidated or unconsolidated joint venture. For example, in addition to partners' interests in profits and capital, venture agreements vary in the allocation of rights regarding decision making (both for routine and major decisions), distributions, transferability of interests, financing and guarantees, liquidations and other matters. Moreover, in some cases we exercise significant influence over, but do not control, the joint venture in which case GAAP requires that we account for the joint venture entity using the equity method of accounting and we do not consolidate it for financial reporting purposes. In other cases, GAAP requires that we consolidate the venture even though our partner(s) own(s) a significant percentage interest. As a result, management believes that the presentation of BXP's Share of a financial measure should not be considered a substitute for, and should only be considered with and as a supplement to our financial information presented in accordance with GAAP. We present these supplemental ratios because our degree of leverage could affect our ability to obtain additional financing for working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions, development or other general corporate purposes and because different investors and lenders consider one or both of these ratios. Investors should understand that these ratios are, in part, a function of the market price of the common stock of BXP and as such will fluctuate with changes in such price, and they do not necessarily reflect our capacity to incur additional debt to finance our activities or our ability to manage our existing debt obligations. However, for a company like BXP, whose assets are primarily income-producing real estate, these ratios may provide investors with an alternate indication of leverage, so long as they are evaluated along with the ratio of indebtedness to other measures of asset value used by financial analysts and other financial ratios, as well as the various components of our outstanding indebtedness. For a discussion of our unconsolidated joint venture indebtedness, see "Liquidity and Capital Resources-Investments inUnconsolidated Joint Ventures - Secured Debt within "Item 7-Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and for a discussion of our consolidated joint venture indebtedness see "Liquidity and Capital Resources-Mortgage Notes Payable" within "Item 7-Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations."
Debt Financing
As ofDecember 31, 2021 , we had approximately$12.9 billion of outstanding consolidated indebtedness, representing approximately 39.07% of our Consolidated Market Capitalization as calculated above consisting of approximately (1)$9.5 billion (net of discount and deferred financing fees) in publicly traded unsecured senior notes having a GAAP weighted-average interest rate of 3.43% per annum and maturities in 2023 through 2033, (2)$3.3 billion (net of deferred financing fees) of property-specific mortgage debt having a GAAP weighted-average interest rate of 3.42% per annum and a weighted-average term of 6.8 years and (3)$145.0 million outstanding under BPLP's 2021 Credit Facility that matures onJune 15, 2026 . The table below summarizes the aggregate carrying value of our mortgage notes payable and BPLP's unsecured senior notes, line of credit and term loan, as well as Consolidated Debt Financing Statistics atDecember 31, 2021 andDecember 31, 2020 . 91
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December 31,
2021 2020
(dollars in thousands)
Debt Summary:
Balance
Fixed rate mortgage notes payable, net $ 3,267,914 $ 2,909,081
Unsecured senior notes, net 9,483,695 9,639,287
Unsecured line of credit 145,000 -
Unsecured term loan, net - 499,390
Consolidated Debt 12,896,609 13,047,758
Add:
BXP's share of unconsolidated joint venture debt, net (1) 1,383,887 1,153,628
Subtract:
Partners' share of consolidated mortgage notes payable, net (2) (1,356,579) (1,194,619) BXP's Share of Debt $
12,923,917
2021 2020 Consolidated Debt Financing Statistics: Percent of total debt: Fixed rate 98.88 % 96.17 % Variable rate 1.12 % 3.83 % Total 100.00 % 100.00 % GAAP Weighted-average interest rate at end of period: Fixed rate 3.43 % 3.75 % Variable rate 0.98 % 1.19 % Total 3.40 % 3.65 % Coupon/Stated Weighted-average interest rate at end of period: Fixed rate 3.32 % 3.65 % Variable rate 0.87 % 1.10 % Total 3.29 % 3.55 % Weighted-average maturity at end of period (in years): Fixed rate 6.6 5.5 Variable rate 4.5 1.3 Total 6.6 5.4 _______________ (1)See page 95 for additional information. (2)See page 94 for additional information.
Unsecured Credit Facility
OnMarch 16, 2021 , BPLP repaid$500.0 million , representing all amounts outstanding, on the Delayed Draw Facility under the 2017 Credit Facility. We recognized a loss from early extinguishment of debt totaling approximately$0.5 million , related to unamortized financing costs. OnJune 15, 2021 , BPLP amended and restated the 2017 Credit Facility and entered into the 2021 Credit Facility. The 2021 Credit Facility provides for borrowings of up to$1.5 billion through the Revolving Facility, subject to customary conditions. Among other things, the amendment and restatement (1) extended the maturity date toJune 15, 2026 , (2) eliminated the$500.0 million Delayed Draw Facility provided under the 2017 Credit Facility, (3) reduced the per annum variable interest rates on borrowings and (4) added a sustainability-linked pricing component. Under the 2021 Credit Facility, BPLP may increase the total commitment by up to$500.0 million by 92
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increasing the amount of the Revolving Facility and/or by incurring one or more
term loans, in each case, subject to syndication of the increase and other
conditions (See Note 9 to the Consolidated Financial Statements).
The 2021 Credit Facility replaces the 2017 Credit Facility, which consisted of a$1.5 billion unsecured revolving line of credit and a$500.0 million Delayed Draw Facility, and was scheduled to expire onApril 24, 2022 . AtDecember 31, 2021 , BPLP had$145.0 million of borrowings under its 2021 Credit Facility and outstanding letters of credit totaling approximately$6.3 million , with the ability to borrow approximately$1.3 billion . AtFebruary 14, 2022 , BPLP had$265.0 million of borrowings under its 2021 Credit Facility and outstanding letters of credit totaling approximately$6.3 million , with the ability to borrow approximately$1.2 billion .
Unsecured Senior Notes
For a description of BPLP’s outstanding unsecured senior notes as of
31, 2021
OnFebruary 14, 2021 , BPLP completed the redemption of$850.0 million in aggregate principal amount of its 4.125% senior notes dueMay 15, 2021 . The redemption price was approximately$858.7 million , which was equal to the stated principal plus approximately$8.7 million of accrued and unpaid interest to, but not including, the redemption date. Excluding the accrued and unpaid interest, the redemption price was equal to the principal amount being redeemed. We recognized a loss from early extinguishment of debt totaling approximately$0.4 million , related to unamortized origination costs. OnMarch 16, 2021 , BPLP completed a public offering of$850.0 million in aggregate principal amount of its 2.550% unsecured senior notes due 2032. The notes were priced at 99.570% of the principal amount to yield an effective rate (including financing fees) of approximately 2.671% per annum to maturity. The notes will mature onApril 1, 2032 , unless earlier redeemed. The aggregate net proceeds from the offering were approximately$839.2 million after deducting underwriting discounts and transaction expenses. OnSeptember 29, 2021 , BPLP completed a public offering of$850.0 million in aggregate principal amount of its 2.450% unsecured senior notes due 2033. The notes were priced at 99.959% of the principal amount to yield an effective rate (including financing fees) of approximately 2.524% per annum to maturity. The notes will mature onOctober 1, 2033 , unless earlier redeemed. The aggregate net proceeds from the offering were approximately$842.5 million after deducting underwriting discounts and transaction expenses. OnOctober 15, 2021 , BPLP used proceeds from itsSeptember 2021 offering of unsecured senior notes and borrowings under its 2021 Credit Facility to complete the redemption of$1.0 billion in aggregate principal amount of its 3.85% senior notes dueFebruary 1, 2023 . The redemption price was approximately$1.05 billion . The redemption price included approximately$7.9 million of accrued and unpaid interest to, but not including, the redemption date. Excluding the accrued and unpaid interest, the redemption price was approximately 104.284% of the principal amount being redeemed. We recognized a loss from early extinguishment of debt totaling approximately$44.2 million , which amount included the payment of the redemption premium totaling approximately$42.8 million . The indenture relating to the unsecured senior notes contains certain financial restrictions and requirements, including (1) a leverage ratio not to exceed 60%, (2) a secured debt leverage ratio not to exceed 50%, (3) an interest coverage ratio of greater than 1.50, and (4) an unencumbered asset value of not less than 150% of unsecured debt. AtDecember 31, 2021 , BPLP was in compliance with each of these financial restrictions and requirements.
Mortgage Notes Payable
On
collateralized by our
Massachusetts
interest at a fixed rate of 6.94% per annum and was scheduled to mature on
OnDecember 10, 2021 , the consolidated entity in which we have a 55% interest refinanced the mortgage loan collateralized by its601 Lexington Avenue property located inNew York City with a new lender. The mortgage loan has a principal amount of$1.0 billion , requires interest-only payments at a fixed interest rate of 2.79% per annum and matures onJanuary 9, 2032 . The previous mortgage loan had an outstanding balance of approximately 93
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$616.1 million , bore interest at a fixed rate of 4.75% per annum and was scheduled to mature onApril 10, 2022 . There was no prepayment penalty associated with the repayment of the previous mortgage loan. We recognized a loss from early extinguishment of debt totaling approximately$0.1 million due to the write-off of unamortized deferred financing costs.
The following represents the outstanding principal balances due under the
mortgage notes payable at
Deferred
Carrying Amount
Stated GAAP Interest Rate Stated Principal Financing (Partners'
Properties Interest Rate (1) Amount Costs, Net Carrying Amount Share) Maturity Date
(dollars in thousands)
Consolidated Joint Ventures
767 Fifth Avenue (the General
Motors Building ) 3.43 % 3.64 % $ 2,300,000 $ (18,984) $ 2,281,016 $ 912,474 (2)(3)(4) June 9, 2027
601 Lexington Avenue 2.79 % 2.92 % 1,000,000 (13,102) 986,898 444,105 (2)(5) January 9, 2032
Total $ 3,300,000 $ (32,086) $ 3,267,914 $ 1,356,579
_______________
(1)GAAP interest rate differs from the stated interest rate due to the inclusion
of the amortization of financing charges and the effects of hedging transactions
(if any).
(2)The mortgage loan requires interest only payments with a balloon payment due
at maturity.
(3)This property is owned by a consolidated entity in which we have a 60%
interest. The partners' share of the carrying amount has been adjusted for basis
differentials.
(4)In connection with the refinancing of the loan, we guaranteed the
consolidated entity's obligation to fund various reserves for tenant improvement
costs and allowances, leasing commissions and free rent obligations in lieu of
cash deposits. As of December 31, 2021 , the maximum funding obligation under the
guarantee was approximately $19.0 million . We earn a fee from the joint venture
for providing the guarantee and have an agreement with our partners to reimburse
the joint venture for their share of any payments made under the guarantee (See
Note 10 to the Consolidated Financial Statements).
(5)This property is owned by a consolidated entity in which we have a 55%
interest.
Contractual aggregate principal payments of mortgage notes payable at
31, 2021
Principal Payments
Year (in thousands)
2022 $ -
2023 -
2024 -
2025 -
2026 -
Thereafter 3,300,000
$ 3,300,000
Investments in
We have investments in unconsolidated joint ventures with our effective ownership interests ranging from 20% to 55%. Fifteen of these ventures have mortgage indebtedness. We exercise significant influence over, but do not control, these entities. As a result, we account for them using the equity method of accounting. See also Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. AtDecember 31, 2021 , the aggregate carrying amount of debt, including both our and our partners' share, incurred by these ventures was approximately$3.2 billion (of which our proportionate share is approximately$1.4 billion ). The table below summarizes the outstanding debt of these joint venture properties atDecember 31, 2021 . In addition to other guarantees that may be specifically noted in the table, we have agreed to customary environmental indemnifications and nonrecourse carve-outs (e.g., guarantees against fraud, misrepresentation and bankruptcy) as well as the completion of development projects on certain of the loans. 94
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Deferred
Venture Ownership Stated GAAP Interest Stated Principal Financing Carrying Amount
Properties % Interest Rate Rate (1) Amount Costs, Net Carrying Amount (Our share) Maturity Date
(dollars in thousands)
Santa Monica Business
Park 55 % 4.06 % 4.24 % $ 300,000 $ (1,872) $ 298,128 $ 163,970 (2)(3) July 19, 2025
Market Square North 50 % 2.80 % 2.96 % 125,000 (796) 124,204 62,102 (2)(4) November 10, 2025
1265 Main Street 50 % 3.77 % 3.84 % 36,476 (278) 36,198 18,099 January 1, 2032
Colorado Center 50 % 3.56 % 3.58 % 550,000 (576) 549,424 274,712 (2) August 9, 2027
Dock 72 50 % 3.10 % 3.33 % 197,602 (1,103) 196,499 98,249 (2)(5) December 18, 2023
The Hub on Causeway -
Podium 50 % 2.34 % 2.51 % 174,329 (487) 173,842 86,921 (2)(6) September 6, 2023
Hub50House 50 % 2.09 % 2.38 % 176,468 (170) 176,298 88,149 (2)(7) April 19, 2022
100 Causeway Street 50 % 1.57 % 1.78 % 309,434 (1,412) 308,022 154,011 (2)(8) September 5, 2023
7750 Wisconsin Avenue
(Marriott
International
Headquarters) 50 % 1.34 % 1.88 % 214,769 (1,856) 212,913 106,456 (2)(9) April 26, 2023
360 Park Avenue South 42 % 2.55 % 2.79 % 201,388 (2,935) 198,453 83,767 (2)(10) December 14, 2024
Safeco Plaza 34 % 2.35 % 2.49 % 250,000 (1,587) 248,413 83,641 (2)(11) September 1, 2026
500 North Capitol
Street, NW 30 % 4.15 % 4.20 % 105,000 (84) 104,916 31,475 (2) June 6, 2023
901 New York Avenue 25 % 3.61 % 3.69 % 216,741 (536) 216,205 54,051 January 5, 2025
3 Hudson Boulevard 25 % 3.59 % 3.67 % 80,000 (96) 79,904 19,976 (2)(12) July 13, 2023
Metropolitan Square 20 % 5.40 % 6.90 % 294,073 (2,531) 291,542 58,308 (2)(13) July 7, 2022
Total $ 3,231,280 $ (16,319) $ 3,214,961 $ 1,383,887
_______________
(1)GAAP interest rate differs from the stated interest rate due to the inclusion of the amortization of financing charges, which includes mortgage recording fees. (2)The loan requires interest only payments with a balloon payment due at maturity. (3)The loan bears interest at a variable rate equal to LIBOR plus 1.28% per annum and matures onJuly 19, 2025 . A subsidiary of the joint venture entered into interest rate swap contracts with notional amounts aggregating$300.0 million throughApril 1, 2025 , resulting in a fixed rate of approximately 4.063% per annum through the expiration of the interest rate swap contracts. (4)The loan bears interest at a variable rate equal to (1) the greater of (x) LIBOR or (y) 0.50%, plus (2) 2.30% per annum and matures onNovember 10, 2025 , with one, one-year extension option, subject to certain conditions. (5)The construction financing has a borrowing capacity of$250.0 million . The construction financing bears interest at a variable rate equal to (1) the greater of (x) LIBOR or (y) 0.25%, plus (2) 2.85% per annum and matures onDecember 18, 2023 . (6)The construction financing had a borrowing capacity of$204.6 million . OnSeptember 16, 2019 , the joint venture paid down the construction loan principal balance in the amount of approximately$28.8 million , reducing the borrowing capacity to$175.8 million . The construction financing bears interest at a variable rate equal to LIBOR plus 2.25% per annum and matures onSeptember 6, 2023 . (7)The construction financing has a borrowing capacity of$180.0 million . The construction financing bears interest at a variable rate equal to LIBOR plus 2.00% per annum and matures onApril 19, 2022 , with two, one-year extension options, subject to certain conditions. (8)The construction financing has a borrowing capacity of$400.0 million . The construction financing bears interest at a variable rate equal to LIBOR plus 1.50% per annum (LIBOR plus 1.375% per annum upon stabilization, as defined in the loan agreement) and matures onSeptember 5, 2023 , with two, one-year extension options, subject to certain conditions. (9)The construction financing has a borrowing capacity of$255.0 million . The construction financing bears interest at a variable rate equal to LIBOR plus 1.25% per annum and matures onApril 26, 2023 , with two, one-year extension options, subject to certain conditions. (10)The loan bears interest at a variable rate equal to Adjusted Term SOFR plus 2.40% per annum and matures onDecember 14, 2024 , with two, one-year extension options, subject to certain conditions. The spread on the variable rate may be reduced, subject to certain conditions. 95 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Table of Contents (11)The loan bears interest at a variable rate equal to the greater of (x) 2.35% or (y) LIBOR plus 2.20% per annum and matures onSeptember 1, 2026 . (12)We provided$80.0 million of mortgage financing to the joint venture. The loan bears interest at a variable rate equal to LIBOR plus 3.50% per annum and matures onJuly 13, 2023 , with extension options, subject to certain conditions. The loan has been reflected as Related Party Note Receivable, Net on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. (13)The loan bears interest at a variable rate equal to (1) the greater of (x) LIBOR or (y) 0.65%, plus (2) 4.75% per annum and matures onJuly 7, 2022 with two, one-year extension options, subject to certain conditions. The joint venture entered into an interest rate cap agreement with a financial institution to limit its exposure to increases in the LIBOR rate at a cap of 3.00% per annum on a notional amount of$325.0 million throughJuly 7, 2022 .
Market Risk
Market risk is the risk of loss from adverse changes in market prices and interest rates. Our future earnings, cash flows and fair values relevant to financial instruments are dependent upon prevalent market interest rates. Our primary market risk results from our indebtedness, which bears interest at fixed and variable rates. The fair value of our debt obligations are affected by changes in the market interest rates. We manage our market risk by matching long-term leases with long-term, fixed-rate, non-recourse debt of similar duration. We continue to follow a conservative strategy of generally pre-leasing development projects on a long-term basis to creditworthy tenants in order to achieve the most favorable construction and permanent financing terms. Approximately 98.9% of our outstanding debt, excluding our unconsolidated joint ventures, has fixed interest rates, which minimizes the interest rate risk through the maturity of such outstanding debt. We also manage our market risk by entering into hedging arrangements with financial institutions. Our primary objectives when undertaking hedging transactions and derivative positions is to reduce our floating rate exposure and to fix a portion of the interest rate for anticipated financing and refinancing transactions. This in turn, reduces the risks that the variability of cash flows imposes on variable rate debt. Our strategy mitigates against future increases in our interest rates. AtDecember 31, 2021 , our weighted-average coupon/stated rate on our fixed rate outstanding Consolidated Debt was 3.32% per annum. AtDecember 31, 2021 , we had$145.0 million outstanding of consolidated variable rate debt. AtDecember 31, 2021 , the GAAP interest rate on our variable rate debt was approximately 0.98% per annum. If market interest rates on our variable rate debt had been 100 basis points greater, total interest expense would have increased approximately$1.5 million , on an annualized basis, for the year endedDecember 31, 2021 .
Funds from Operations
Pursuant to the revised definition of Funds from Operations adopted by theBoard of Governors of theNational Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts ("Nareit"), we calculate Funds from Operations, or "FFO," for each of BXP and BPLP by adjusting net income (loss) attributable toBoston Properties, Inc. common shareholders and net income (loss) attributable toBoston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders (computed in accordance with GAAP), respectively, for gains (or losses) from sales of properties, impairment losses on depreciable real estate consolidated on our balance sheet, impairment losses on our investments in unconsolidated joint ventures driven by a measurable decrease in the fair value of depreciable real estate held by the unconsolidated joint ventures and our share of real estate-related depreciation and amortization. FFO is a non-GAAP financial measure. We believe the presentation of FFO, combined with the presentation of required GAAP financial measures, improves the understanding of operating results of REITs among the investing public and helps make comparisons of REIT operating results more meaningful. Management generally considers FFO to be useful measures for understanding and comparing our operating results because, by excluding gains and losses related to sales of previously depreciated operating real estate assets, impairment losses and real estate asset depreciation and amortization (which can differ across owners of similar assets in similar condition based on historical cost accounting and useful life estimates), FFO can help investors compare the operating performance of a company's real estate across reporting periods and to the operating performance of other companies. Our computation of FFO may not be comparable to FFO reported by other REITs or real estate companies that do not define the term in accordance with the current Nareit definition or that interpret the current Nareit definition differently. We believe that in order to facilitate a clear understanding of our operating results, FFO should be examined in conjunction with net income attributable toBoston Properties, Inc. common shareholders and net income attributable toBoston Properties Limited Partnership as presented in our Consolidated Financial Statements. FFO should not be considered as a substitute for net income attributable toBoston Properties, Inc. common shareholders or net income attributable toBoston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders 96
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(determined in accordance with GAAP) or any other GAAP financial measures and should only be considered together with and as a supplement to our financial information prepared in accordance with GAAP. The impact that COVID-19 has had on our business, financial position and results of operations is discussed throughout this report. The full extent of the impact of COVID-19 on our business, operations and financial results will depend on numerous evolving factors that we may not be able to accurately predict.
The following table presents a reconciliation of net income attributable to
Properties, Inc.
and 2019:
Year ended December 31,
2021 2020 2019
(in thousands)
Net income attributable to
shareholders
$ 496,223 $ 862,227 $ 511,034
Add:
Preferred stock redemption charge 6,412 - - Preferred dividends 2,560 10,500 10,500
Noncontrolling interest-common units of the
Partnership
55,931 97,704 59,345 Noncontrolling interests in property partnerships 70,806 48,260 71,120 Net income 631,932 1,018,691 651,999
Add:
Depreciation and amortization 717,336 683,751 677,764
Noncontrolling interests in property partnerships’ share of
depreciation and amortization
(67,825) (71,850) (71,389) BXP's share of depreciation and amortization from unconsolidated joint ventures 71,966 80,925 58,451 Corporate-related depreciation and amortization (1,753) (1,840) (1,695) Impairment loss on investment in unconsolidated joint venture (1) - 60,524 - Impairment loss - - 24,038 Less:
Gain on sale of real estate included within (loss) income from
unconsolidated joint ventures (2)
10,257 5,958 47,238 Gains on sales of real estate 123,660 618,982 709 Noncontrolling interests in property partnerships 70,806 48,260 71,120 Preferred dividends 2,560 10,500 10,500 Preferred stock redemption charge 6,412 - -
Funds from Operations (FFO) attributable to the
Partnership
Inc.
1,137,961 1,086,501 1,209,601
Less:
Noncontrolling interest-common units of the
Partnership’s
111,975 108,310 123,757
Funds from Operations attributable to
common shareholders
$ 1,025,986 $ 978,191 $ 1,085,844 Our percentage share of Funds from Operations-basic 90.16 % 90.03 % 89.77 % Weighted average shares outstanding-basic 156,116 155,432 154,582
_______________
(1)The impairment loss on investment in unconsolidated joint venture consists of an other-than-temporary decline in the fair value below the carrying value of our investment in theDock 72 unconsolidated joint venture for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 . (2)Consists of the portion of income from unconsolidated joint ventures related to the gain on sale of real estate associated with the sale of our ownership interest in the joint venture that owned Annapolis Junction Buildings Six and Seven for the year endedDecember 31, 2021 , Annapolis JunctionBuilding Eight and two land parcels for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 and 540 Madison Avenue for the year endedDecember 31, 2019 . 97 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Table of Contents Reconciliation to Diluted Funds from Operations: Year ended December 31, 2021 2020 2019 (in thousands) Income Shares/Units Income Shares/Units Income Shares/Units (Numerator) (Denominator) (Numerator) (Denominator) (Numerator) (Denominator) Basic Funds from Operations$ 1,137,961 173,150$ 1,086,501 172,643$ 1,209,601 172,200 Effect ofDilutive Securities : Stock based compensation - 260 - 85 - 301 Diluted Funds from Operations$ 1,137,961 173,410$ 1,086,501 172,728$ 1,209,601 172,501 Less: Noncontrolling interest-common units of theOperating Partnership's share of diluted Funds from Operations 111,748 17,034 108,256 17,211 123,541 17,618 Diluted Funds from Operations attributable toBoston Properties, Inc. (1)$ 1,026,213 156,376$ 978,245 155,517$ 1,086,060 154,883 _______________
(1)BXP’s share of diluted Funds from Operations was 90.18%, 90.04% and 89.79%
for the years ended
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The following table presents a reconciliation of net income attributable toBoston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders to FFO attributable toBoston Properties Limited Partnership common unitholders for the years endedDecember 31, 2021 , 2020 and 2019: Year ended December 31, 2021 2020 2019
(in thousands)
Net income attributable to
Partnership
$ 561,993 $ 979,979 $ 580,102
Add:
Preferred unit redemption charge 6,412 - - Preferred distributions 2,560 10,500 10,500 Noncontrolling interests in property partnerships 70,806 48,260 71,120 Net income 641,771 1,038,739 661,722 Add: Depreciation and amortization 709,035 676,666 669,956
Noncontrolling interests in property partnerships’ share of
depreciation and amortization
(67,825) (71,850) (71,389) BXP's share of depreciation and amortization from unconsolidated joint ventures 71,966 80,925 58,451 Corporate-related depreciation and amortization (1,753) (1,840) (1,695) Impairment loss on investment in unconsolidated joint venture (1) - 60,524 - Impairment loss - - 22,272 Less:
Gain on sale of investment included within (loss) income from
unconsolidated joint ventures (2)
10,257 5,958 47,238 Gains on sales of real estate 125,198 631,945 858 Noncontrolling interests in property partnerships 70,806 48,260 71,120 Preferred distributions 2,560 10,500 10,500 Preferred unit redemption charge 6,412 - -
Funds from Operations attributable to
Partnership
$ 1,137,961 $ 1,086,501 $ 1,209,601 Weighted average shares outstanding-basic 173,150 172,643 172,200
_______________
(1)The impairment loss on investment in unconsolidated joint venture consists of an other-than-temporary decline in the fair value below the carrying value of our investment in theDock 72 unconsolidated joint venture for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 . (2)Consists of the portion of income from unconsolidated joint ventures related to the gain on sale of real estate associated with the sale of our ownership interest in the joint venture that owned Annapolis Junction Buildings Six and Seven for the year endedDecember 31, 2021 , Annapolis JunctionBuilding Eight and two land parcels for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 and 540 Madison Avenue for the year endedDecember 31, 2019 . (3)Our calculation includes OP Units and vested LTIP Units (including vested 2012 OPP Units and vested 2013 - 2018 MYLTIP Units). 99 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Table of Contents Reconciliation to Diluted Funds from Operations: Year ended December 31, 2021 2020 2019 (in thousands) Income Shares/Units Income Shares/Units Income Shares/Units (Numerator) (Denominator) (Numerator) (Denominator) (Numerator) (Denominator) Basic Funds from Operations$ 1,137,961 173,150$ 1,086,501 172,643$ 1,209,601 172,200 Effect ofDilutive Securities : Stock based compensation - 260 - 85 - 301 Diluted Funds from Operations$ 1,137,961 173,410$ 1,086,501 172,728$ 1,209,601 172,501
Material Cash Commitments
As ofDecember 31, 2021 , we were subject to contractual payment obligations, excluding our unconsolidated joint ventures commitments. For details about our unconsolidated joint venture contractual payment obligations see "Investments inUnconsolidated Joint Ventures - Contractual Obligations" below. Our primary contractual payment obligations, that are not disclosed in other sections of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, are tenant and development related and described in further detail below. For details about our other contractual payment obligations related to operating and finance leases, mortgage debt, unsecured senior notes and unsecured line of credit see Notes 4, 7, 8 and 9 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, respectively. Payments Due by Period Total 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 Thereafter (in thousands) Commitments: Tenant obligations (1)$ 521,895 $ 462,699 $ 51,845 $ 7,351 $ - $ - $ - Construction contracts on development projects 847,162 617,684 187,322 42,156 - - - Total Commitments$ 1,369,057 $ 1,080,383 $ 239,167 $ 49,507 $ - $ - $ - _______________
(1)Committed tenant-related obligations (tenant improvements and lease
commissions) based on executed leases as of
Investments in
As ofDecember 31, 2021 , the unconsolidated joint ventures that we have an ownership interest in were subject to contractual payment obligations as described in the table below. The table represents our share of the contractual obligations. For details about our unconsolidated joint ventures secured debt see "Investments In Unconsolidated Joint Ventures - Secured Debt" referred to in "Item 7-Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations-Liquidity and Capital Resources." 100
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Payments Due by Period
Total 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 Thereafter
(in thousands)
Contractual Obligations:
Operating leases (1) $ 97,408 $ 849 $ 861 $ 873 $ 908 $ 944 $ 92,973
Finance leases (2) 260,421 9,945 10,894 10,980 10,980 10,980 206,642
Total Contractual Obligations 357,829 10,794 11,755 11,853 11,888 11,924
299,615
Commitments:
Tenant obligations (3) 62,468 54,770 3,024 50 50 1,303
3,271
Construction contracts on development projects 103,760 60,815 30,684 11,599 662 -
–
Total Commitments 166,228 115,585 33,708 11,649 712 1,303 3,271
$ 524,057 $ 126,379 $ 45,463 $ 23,502 $ 12,600 $ 13,227 $ 302,886
_______________
(1)Operating leases include approximately$61.6 million related to renewal options that the joint venture is reasonably certain it will exercise. (2)Finance leases include approximately$194.7 million related to a purchase option that the joint venture is reasonably certain it will exercise in 2028. (3)Committed tenant-related obligations (tenant improvements and lease commissions) based on executed leases as ofDecember 31, 2021 . We have various service contracts with vendors related to our property management. In addition, we have certain other contracts we enter into in the ordinary course of business that may extend beyond one year. These contracts include terms that provide for cancellation with insignificant or no cancellation penalties. Contract terms are generally between three and five years.
During the year ended
fund tenant-related obligations, including tenant improvements and leasing
commissions.
In addition, we and our unconsolidated joint venture partners incurred approximately$417 million of new tenant-related obligations associated with approximately 4.7 million square feet of second generation leases, or approximately$88 per square foot. In addition, we signed leases for approximately 316,000 square feet of first generation leases. The tenant-related obligations for the development properties are included within the projects' "Estimated Total Investment" referred to in "Item 7-Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations-Liquidity and Capital Resources." In the aggregate, during 2021, we signed leases for approximately 5.1 million square feet of space and incurred aggregate tenant-related obligations of approximately$483 million , or approximately$96 per square foot.
New Accounting Pronouncements
As of
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ITEM 7A-Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.
The following table presents the aggregate carrying value of our mortgage notes payable, net, unsecured senior notes, net, unsecured line of credit and our corresponding estimate of fair value as ofDecember 31, 2021 . As ofDecember 31, 2021 , approximately$12.8 billion of these borrowings bore interest at fixed rates and therefore the fair value of these instruments is affected by changes in the market interest rates. As ofDecember 31, 2021 , the weighted-average interest rate on our variable rate debt was LIBOR plus 0.775% (0.87%) per annum. The following table presents our aggregate debt obligations with corresponding weighted-average interest rates sorted by maturity date. The table below does not include our unconsolidated joint venture debt. For a discussion concerning our unconsolidated joint venture debt, see Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements and "Item 7-Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations-Capitalization-Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements-Joint Venture Indebtedness." Estimated 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027+ Total Fair Value (dollars in thousands) Mortgage debt, net Fixed Rate$ (4,801) $ (4,801) $ (4,801) $ (4,801) $ (4,801) $ 3,291,919 $ 3,267,914 $ 3,395,569 GAAP Average Interest Rate - % - % - % - % - % 3.42 % 3.42 % Variable Rate - - - - - - - -
Unsecured debt, net
Fixed Rate
$ 9,966,591 GAAP Average Interest Rate - % 3.28 % 3.92 % 3.35 % 3.63 % 3.33 % 3.43 % Variable Rate - - - - 145,000 - 145,000 145,317
Total Debt
AtDecember 31, 2021 , the weighted-average coupon/stated rates on the fixed rate debt stated above was 3.32% per annum. AtDecember 31, 2021 , our outstanding variable rate debt based on LIBOR totaled approximately$145.0 million . AtDecember 31, 2021 , the coupon/stated rate on our variable rate debt was approximately 0.87% per annum. If market interest rates on our variable rate debt had been 100 basis points greater, total interest expense would have increased approximately$1.5 million , on an annualized basis, for the year endedDecember 31, 2021 . The fair value amounts were determined solely by considering the impact of hypothetical interest rates on our financial instruments. Due to the uncertainty of specific actions, we may undertake to minimize possible effects of market interest rate increases, this analysis assumes no changes in our financial structure. OnMarch 5, 2021 , theFinancial Conduct Authority ("FCA") announced that USD LIBOR will no longer be published afterJune 30, 2023 . This announcement has several implications, including setting the spread that may be used to automatically convert contracts from LIBOR to the Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR"). Additionally, banking regulators are encouraging banks to discontinue new LIBOR debt issuances byDecember 31, 2021 . We anticipate that LIBOR will continue to be available at least untilJune 30, 2023 . Any changes adopted by theFCA or other governing bodies in the method used for determining LIBOR may result in a sudden or prolonged increase or decrease in reported LIBOR. If that were to occur, our interest payments could change. In addition, uncertainty about the extent and manner of future changes may result in interest rates and/or payments that are higher or lower than if LIBOR were to remain available in its current form. We and our unconsolidated joint ventures have contracts that are indexed to LIBOR and we are monitoring and evaluating the related risks. These risks arise in connection with transitioning contracts to an alternative rate, including any resulting value transfer that may occur, and are likely to vary by contract. The value of loans, securities, or derivative instruments tied to LIBOR, as well as interest rates on our unconsolidated joint ventures current or future indebtedness, may also be impacted if LIBOR is limited or discontinued. For some instruments the 102
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method of transitioning to an alternative reference rate may be challenging, especially if we cannot agree with the respective counterparty about how to make the transition. While we expect LIBOR to be available in substantially its current form until at least the end ofJune 30, 2023 , it is possible that LIBOR will become unavailable prior to that point. This could result, for example, if sufficient banks decline to make submissions to the LIBOR administrator. In that case, the risks associated with the transition to an alternative reference rate will be accelerated and magnified. Alternative rates and other market changes related to the replacement of LIBOR, including the introduction of financial products and changes in market practices, may lead to risk modeling and valuation challenges, such as adjusting interest rate accrual calculations and building a term structure for an alternative rate.
The introduction of an alternative rate also may create additional basis risk
and increased volatility as alternative rates are phased in and utilized in
parallel with LIBOR.
Adjustments to systems and mathematical models to properly process and account
for alternative rates will be required, which may strain the model risk
management and information technology functions and result in substantial
incremental costs for us.
Additional disclosure about market risk is incorporated herein by reference from
"Item 7-Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results
of Operations-Liquidity and Capital Resources-Market Risk."
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